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Previous issue date: 2012-07-10 === Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) === O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar os atributos f?sicos do solo e a produtividade de massa seca e a composi??o bromatol?gica do capim-braqui?ria cv. Basilisk (Brachiaria decumbens), em um Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo distr?fico. O experimento foi desenvolvido na Fazenda Rio Manso, unidade experimental da Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri/UFVJM, na cidade de Couto de Magalh?es de Minas, em Minas Gerais. Para a avalia??o da planta, utilizou-se o esquema de parcelas subdivididas no delineamento em blocos casualizados (DBC), com quatro repeti??es. Nas parcelas distribu?ram-se as doses de nitrog?nio (0; 25; 50; 75; 100 kg/N/ha) e nas subparcelas os quatro cortes efetuados nas plantas. Para a an?lise do solo, utilizou-se o esquema de parcelas subsubdivididas, com as doses de nitrog?nio (0; 25; 50; 75 e 100 kg/ha/corte) nas parcelas, as duas profundidades de coleta de solo (0 - 3 cm; 10 - 13 cm) nas subparcelas e os tr?s momentos de amostragem (antes, durante e ao final do experimento) nas subsubparcelas, no delineamento em blocos casualizados, com quatro repeti??es. As vari?veis analisadas nas plantas foram produtividade de massa seca (PMS), altura, ?ndice de clorofila (ICF), teores de massa seca (MS), prote?na bruta (PB) e fibra em detergente neutro (FDN), e, no solo, foram press?o de pr?-consolida??o (?p), densidade do solo inicial (Dsi), volume total de poros (VTP), ?ndice de vazios (Ie) e teor de mat?ria org?nica (MO). Conclui-se que a aplica??o de nitrog?nio aumenta linearmente a produtividade de massa seca, a altura de plantas e o teor de prote?na bruta do capim-braqui?ria, que apresentam correla??o com o ?ndice de clorofila. Ao final de dois anos agr?colas, ocorre aumento na press?o de pr?-consolida??o do solo e o capim-braqui?ria ? capaz de suportar maiores cargas aplicadas. O volume total de poros diminuiu e a densidade do solo inicial aumentou, mas n?o a n?veis de compacta??o do solo. O teor de mat?ria org?nica no solo decresce, o que pode ser atribu?do ? escassez de liteira ao longo das avalia??es, em raz?o da remo??o do material cortado das parcelas. === Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012. === ABSTRACT
The present work aimed to evaluate the soil physical properties, the productivity of dry mass and the chemical composition of Brachiaria decumbens cv. Basilisk (Brachiaria decumbens) in a Red-Yellow distrofic Latosol. The experiment was carried out at Rio Manso Experimental Unit of the Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - UFVJM in the city of Couto de Magalh?es de Minas, located 18 ? 4 '25 "south and 43 ? 28' 16" West, at 756 meters in altitude, being the climate of the region considered humid subtropical, Cwa, according to the K?ppen`s classification. For the evaluation of the plant, there had been used the split-plot in randomized complete block design (RBD), with four replications. The plots were distributed with nitrogen in different rates (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 kg/N/ha) and in subplots the four cuts made in plants. For soil analysis, there have been used the split split plot, with the nitrogen levels (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 kg/ha/cut) in the plots, the two depths (0-3, 10 - 13 cm) in the subplots and three sampling times (before, during and after the experiment) in split split plots in randomized block design with four replications. The variables were analyzed in plants of dry matter yield (DMP), height, chlorophyll content (FCI), content of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and the soil, pre-consolidation pressure (?p), initial soil density (ISD), total pore volume (TPV), empty index (EI) and organic matter (OM). It is concluded that the nitrogen application increases linearly productivity of dry matter, plant height and protein content of the Brachiaria decumbens, which correlate with the rate of chlorophyll. After two growing seasons, an increase in pre-consolidation pressure of the soil and the brachiaria is capable of withstanding higher applied loads. The total pore volume has decreased, the initial soil density increased, but not in relation to the levels of soil compaction. The content of soil organic matter decreases, which can be attributed to the lack of litter along the evaluations, due to the removal of portions of the cut material.
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