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Previous issue date: 2013-02-21 === Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes) === Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) === Pseudobrickellia brasiliensis (Spreng.) R.M. King & H. Rob (Asteraceae) ? uma esp?cie de Asteraceae conhecida popularmente como arnica-do-mato, arnica-do-campo ou simplesmente arnica. E utilizada na medicina popular contra machucados e dores no corpo, porem a literatura carece de informa??es cient?ficas, encontrando-se apenas um artigo sobre estudo fitoqu?mico. Com o objetivo de contribuir para o estudo de P. brasiliensis, esse trabalho relata o estudo fitoqu?mico e ensaios biol?gicos que investigaram a atividade antiinflamat?ria e antioxidante de extratos das folhas da planta. As folhas foram coletadas na cidade de Diamantina, no Campus JK da UFVJM. Uma parte das folhas ainda frescas foi utilizada para extra??o de ?leo essencial, e outra parte do material vegetal foi seco e submetido ? extra??o com solventes de diferentes polaridades ? hexano, acetato de etila, etanol e ?gua ? obtendo-se quatro extratos. Os constituintes do ?leo essencial foram identificados por CG-EM, encontrando-se 25 terpenos, sendo os majorit?rios os monoterpenos ?-tujeno (17,21%) e ?-pineno (32,61%). Os extratos foram submetidos a t?cnicas cromatogr?ficas cl?ssicas e suas fra??es foram analisadas por CG-EM, IV, RMN de 1H e 13C, identificando-se o diterpeno acido cauren?ico; os triterpenos ?-amirina, acetato de ?-amirina, ?-amirina, acetato de ?-amirina, lupeol, acetato de lupeol, pseudotaraxasterol, taraxasterol; e possivelmente uma lactona sesquiterp?nica. Em ensaios de triagem fitoqu?mica realizados com os extratos, foram detectadas as classes de metab?litos secund?rios: cumarinas, flavon?ides, taninos condens?veis, antocianinas, antraquinonas, saponinas, compostos redutores e triterpenos/ester?ides. A esp?cie apresentou um potencial antiinflamat?rio, uma vez que os extratos aquoso e etan?lico modularam a produ??o da citocina IFN-?, envolvida diretamente na inicializa??o e amplifica??o da resposta inflamat?ria. Os extratos apresentaram baixo potencial antioxidante, nas concentra??es avaliadas e nos ensaios de atividade de retirada de radical, e de poder de redu??o do ?on met?lico Fe3+, apesar dos extratos aquoso e etan?lico possu?rem compostos fen?licos. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho foi uma contribui??o para o estudo fitoqu?mico e de atividades biol?gicas desta planta. === Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Qu?mica, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012. === ABSTRACT
Pseudobrickellia brasiliensis (Spreng.) R.M. King & H. Rob (Asteraceae) is a species of Asteraceae popularly known as arnica-do-mato, arnica-do-campo or arnica simply. It is used in folk medicine against wounds and body aches, but there lack of scientific literature and found only one article on phytochemical study. Aiming to contribute to the study of P. brasiliensis, this work reports the phytochemical and biological tests that investigated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of extracts of the leaves. The leaves were collected in the city of Diamantina, in the Campus JK of UFVJM. Part of the leaves still fresh, were used for extraction of essential oil, and another part of the plant material was dried and subjected to extraction with solvents of different polarities - hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol and water - resulting in four extracts. The constituents of the essential oil were identified by GC-MS and was found 25 terpenes, of which the major was the monoterpenes ?-thujene (17.21%) and ?-pinene (32.61%). The extracts were subjected to classical chromatographic techniques and their fractions were analyzed by GC-MS, IR, 1H and 13C NMR, identifying the diterpene kaurenoic acid, triterpenes ?-amyrin acetate, ?-amyrin, ?-amyrin, ?-amyrin acetate, lupeol acetate, lupeol, pseudotaraxasterol, taraxasterol, and possibly a sesquiterpene lactone. In tests conducted with phytochemical extracts were detected classes of secondary metabolites, coumarins, flavonoids, condensed tannins, anthocyanins, anthraquinones, saponins, reducing compounds and triterpenes/steroids. The species had an anti-inflammatory potential, because the aqueous and ethanol extracts modulate the production of the cytokine IFN-?, directly involved in the startup and amplification of the inflammatory response. The extracts showed lower antioxidant potential, and concentrations evaluated in the trials of withdrawal of radical activity, and power reduction of Fe3+ metal ion, despite the aqueous and ethanol extracts possess phenolic compounds. Thus, the present work was a contribution to the study phytochemical and biological activities of this plant.
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