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Previous issue date: 2013 === Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) === As abelhas s?o importantes nos processos de poliniza??o das angiospermas. O p?len transportado por elas ou armazenado no interior do ninho permite a determina??o dos principais recursos florais utilizados. O primeiro estudo verificou a diversidade de abelhas solit?rias e seus recursos pol?nicos. Ninhos-armadilha feitos de bambu (n=450 por ?rea) e cartolina preta (n=180 por ?rea) foram disponibilizados em quatro ?reas: Parque Estadual do Rio Preto (PERP), ?rea de recupera??o Campus JK da UFVJM (AR), Parque Estadual do Biribiri (PEBI) e ?rea de Preserva??o Ambiental Pau-de-Fruta (APAPF). Nas quatro ?reas de estudo foram coletados um total de 74 ninhos fundados por abelhas de quatro esp?cies pertencentes ?s fam?lias Apidae e Megachilidae. Deste total, em 60 ninhos houve emerg?ncia dos ocupantes e em 14 houve mortalidade total dos indiv?duos. O PERP apresentou maior taxa de ocupa??o de ninhos por abelhas (n=55), seguida por AR (n=10) e PEBI (n=9). Na APAPF nenhum ninho foi fundado por abelhas. Tr?s esp?cies foram encontradas no PERP: Centristarsata (n=2), Centrisanalis (n=45) e Tetrapedia sp. (n=2). Na AR as esp?cies nidificantes foram C. tarsata (n=6), Tetrapedia sp. (n=1) e Megachile sp. (n=2). No PEBI houve nidifica??o apenas de C. analis (n=2). Os polens mais frequ?ntes encontrados dentro dos ninhos foram os de Malpighiaceae no PERP e PEBI.Na AR os de Fabaceae foram os mais frequ?ntes. As abelhas apresentaram um forte componente sazonal indicando que as nidifica??es ocorreram de acordo com a disponibilidade de recursos nas ?reas. O segundo trabalho foi realizado em uma ?rea de Cascalheira (PEBI). Foram coletadas as abelhas visitantes de Eremanthus erythropappus (DC.) McLeish e Eremanthus incanus(Less.) Less (Asteraceae) usando rede entomol?gica. Houve preval?ncia de Trigona spinipes e Bombus atratus. As abelhas eussociais Apis mellifera e T. spinipes foram respons?veis pela maior frequ?ncia de polens de Eremanthus spp. B. atratus apresentou uma maior variedade de tipos pol?nicos. Outras fam?lias bot?nicas como Melastomataceae e Myrtaceae parecem ser fontes prim?rias de polens para as abelhas visitantes da ?rea. === Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2013. === ABSTRACT
Bees play an important role in the process of angiosperm pollination. The pollen they transport and store inside their nest allows for the determination of the main floral resource. The first study examined the diversity of solitary bees and pollen resources. Trap-nests made of bamboo (n = 450 per area) and black-cardstock (n = 180 per area) were available in four areas: Parque Estadual do Rio Preto (PERP), ?rea de recupera??o Campus JK da UFVJM (AR), Parque Estadual do Biribiri (PEBI) and ?rea de Preserva??o Ambiental Pau-de-Fruta (APAPF). In the four areas of study, a total of 74 nests were collected that were built by four species of bees belonging to the families Apidae and Megachilidae. In 60 of these nests there was an emergence of occupants, and in 14 there was a total mortality of individuals. PERP presented the highest occupancy rate of nests by bees (n = 55), followed by AR (n = 10) and PEBI (n = 9). APAPF had no nests built by bees. Three species were found in the PERP study group: Centris tarsata (n = 2), Centris analis (n = 45) and Tetrapedia sp. (n = 2). In AR the breeding species were C. tarsata (n = 6), Tetrapedia sp. (n = 1) and Megachile sp. (n = 2). In PEBI there was nesting of C. analis (n = 2) only. The most frequently found pollen was Malpighiaceae in the PERP and PEBI study groups. In AR the Fabaceae pollen was the most frequent. The bees showed a strong seasonal component indicating that nesting occurred according to the availability of resources in the areas. The second study was conducted in the area of Cascalheira (PEBI). Visitor bees were collected of the species Eremanthus erythropappus (DC.), McLeish, Eremanthus incanus (Less.), Less (Asteraceae) using entomological nets. There was a prevalence of Trigona spinipes and Bombus atratus. The Eusocial bees (Apis mellifera and T. spinipes) were responsible for the higher frequency of Eremanthus spp. pollen. B. atratus showed a greater variety of pollen types. Other plant families such as Myrtaceae and Melastomataceae seem to be the primary sources of pollen for bees visiting the area
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