Desenvolvimento de artr?podes n?o alvos e estresse fisiol?gico em algodoeiro geneticamente modificado expressando as prote?nas CRY1F e CRY1AC

?rea de concentra??o: Manejo integrado de pragas. === Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-07-24T19:32:10Z No. of bitstreams: 2 nermy_ribeiro_valadares.pdf: 721013 bytes, checksum: 6f53437940ebff37fcc6b98c4109987e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Valadares, Nermy Ribeiro
Other Authors: Soares, Marcus Alvarenga
Language:Portuguese
Published: UFVJM 2017
Subjects:
Online Access:http://acervo.ufvjm.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1417
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Summary:?rea de concentra??o: Manejo integrado de pragas. === Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-07-24T19:32:10Z No. of bitstreams: 2 nermy_ribeiro_valadares.pdf: 721013 bytes, checksum: 6f53437940ebff37fcc6b98c4109987e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) === Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-07-28T18:01:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 nermy_ribeiro_valadares.pdf: 721013 bytes, checksum: 6f53437940ebff37fcc6b98c4109987e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) === Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-28T18:01:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 nermy_ribeiro_valadares.pdf: 721013 bytes, checksum: 6f53437940ebff37fcc6b98c4109987e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 === O Brasil ? um dos maiores produtores mundiais de algod?o, n?o apenas em volume, mas tamb?m em qualidade e inova??o. Por?m, o ataque de insetos pragas ? um dos principais entraves para a produtividade das lavoras de algod?o, o que ? acentuado pelas grandes ?reas de monocultivo. Uma das t?ticas de manejo que est? sendo empregada ? a resist?ncia de plantas. A cultura hospeda diversos organismos, dentre eles um grande n?mero de artr?podes como o pulg?o Aphis gossypii Glover 1877 (Hemiptera: Aphididae) e o ?caro fit?fago Tetranychus ludeni zacher, 1913 (Acari: Tetranychidae), que se alimentam da parte a?rea das plantas, podendo causar preju?zos econ?micos. As variedades transg?nicas utilizadas no manejo de pragas s?o desenvolvidas para controlar determinado grupo de insetos, de acordo com a toxina que expressam. Por?m ao serem expressas continuamente, essas toxinas ficam expostas aos demais herb?voros que se hospedam na planta, surgindo uma preocupa??o de que o uso em larga escala desta tecnologia possa ter efeitos adversos sobre artr?podes n?o alvos. O impacto das prote?nas Bt em artr?podes n?o visados ? menos compreendido do que os seus efeitos nos organismos alvos, onde o mecanismo da a??o t?xica ? conhecido. H? pouca informa??o sobre efeitos de transg?nicos Bt sobre popula??es de pulg?es e ?caros, e sobre o estresse causado pelo ataque desses artr?podes. Com isso, esse trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o desenvolvimento de organismos n?o alvos em algod?o geneticamente modificado. E avaliar o estresse fisiol?gico causado pelo ataque de ?caros e pulg?es em algod?o transg?nico e convencional. De acordo com os resultados obtidos ? poss?vel concluir que as toxinas Cry1F e Cry1Ac n?o exercem qualquer efeito no desenvolvimento do T. ludeni, e que o algod?o Bt foi menos infestado por A. gossypii. A severidade da infesta??o desses artr?podes causa altera??es nos par?metros da fluoresc?ncia da clorofila, promovendo estresse fisiol?gico nas plantas, tanto do algod?o Bt como da isolinha. Coletivamente, esses resultados fornecem fortes evid?ncias de que a tecnologia Bt pode complementar outras t?ticas integradas de controle de pragas, especialmente se em conjunto com o controle biol?gico. === Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2017. === Brazil is one of the world's largest cotton producers, not only in terms of volume but also in quality and innovation. However, insect pest attack is one of the main barriers to cotton productivity, which is accentuated by large areas of monoculture. One of the management tactics that is being used is the resistance of plants. The culture hosts several organisms, including a large number of arthropods such as the aphid Aphis gossypii Glover 1877 (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and the phytophagous spider mite Tetranychus ludeni zacher, 1913 (Acari: Tetranychidae), which feed on the aerial part of the plants. Cause economic losses. The transgenic varieties used in pest management are developed to control a particular group of insects, according to the toxin they express. However, when expressed continuously, these toxins are exposed to other plant-eating herbivores, raising concerns that large-scale use of this technology may have adverse effects on non-target arthropods. The impact of Bt proteins on non-target arthropods is less understood than its effects on target organisms where the mechanism of toxic action is known. There is little information on the effects of Bt transgenics on populations of aphids and mites, and on the stress caused by the attack of these arthropods. The objective of this work was to evaluate the development of non-target organisms in genetically modified cotton and to evaluate the physiological stress caused by the attack of spider mites and aphids in transgenic and conventional cotton. According to the results obtained it is possible to conclude that the toxins Cry1F and Cry1Ac have no effect on the development of T. ludeni, and that Bt cotton was less infested by A. gossypii. The severity of the infestation of these arthropods causes changes in chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, promoting plant Physiological stress in both Bt cotton and isoline. Collectively, these results provide strong evidence that Bt technology can complement other integrated pest control tactics, especially if coupled with biological control.