The Separated Fringe Packet Survey: Updating Multiplicity of Solar-Type Stars within 22 Parsecs

• Main Author: Farrington, Christopher Donald
• Format: Others
• Published: Digital Archive @ GSU 2008
• Subjects: Optical/infrared interferometry; Multiplicity studies; Solar-type stars; Stellar companions; Orbital parameters; Astrophysics and Astronomy; Physics
• Online Access: http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/phy_astr_diss/26; http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1025&context=phy_astr_diss

Over the past half century, multiplicity studies have provided a foundation for the theories of stellar formation and evolution through understanding how likely it is that stars form alone or with companions. If spectroscopic orbits are combined with techniques that can determine visual orbits, we can access the most fundamental parameter of stellar evolution, stellar mass. This dissertation is composed of two main sections. The first involves the investigation of the seminal multiplicity study of Duquennoy & Mayor (1991b) which has been the ``gold standard" for solar-type stars for nearly 20 years. Improvements in technology in the intervening years have improved the measurement accuracy for radial velocities and distances on which the study was based. Using Georgia State University's CHARA Array to search the systems in Duquennoy & Mayor's multiplicity survey for overlooked companions along with a literature search covering regimes unreachable by the CHARA Array, we have found that more than 40% of the Duquennoy & Mayor's sample was further than originally believed and the uncorrected multiplicity percentages change from 57:38:4:1:0% (single:double:triple:quad:quint%) to 48:42.5:7.5:1:1% with the discoveries of multiple previously undiscovered companions. The second part of this project describes the application of separated fringe packets for resolving the astrometric position of secondaries with small angular separations on long-baseline optical interferometers. The longest baselines of the CHARA Array allow access to a previously inaccessible range of separations compared with other techniques (<40 milliarcseconds) and the ability to very accurately angularly resolve a large number of single- and double-lined spectroscopic binaries. Combining astrometric and spectroscopic orbits provides assumption-free stellar masses and using the CHARA Array allows access to many previously unreachable systems available for high-accuracy mass determinations. We report the first angular separation measurements of seven spectroscopic binary systems, five additional separated fringe packet detections, ten systems with probably overlapping fringe packets, four systems with new data on pre-existing orbits, one completely new visual orbit for a SB2 system previously unresolved, and the detection of two previously unknown companions.