| Summary: | 隨著全球化與網際網路的發展，生活方式也不斷地改變中。紡織品也從二戰之後的貧困而期待擁有，轉變為展現個人生活品味的標誌。個人化與特性化，漸成主流趨勢。過去單一樣式大量化生產的模式，已被量少多樣與客製化訂單所取代。
企業管理的方法，也跟隨著資訊科技進步與網際網路發展，從解決單一作業模式，進入統整規劃的階段，所以整合業務管理系統、財會系統、物料管理系統和生產管理系統的企業資源規劃系統因運而生。各式各樣的ERP流行於市面，但往往因產業特性與個別企業作業流程差異，難以完整地滿足企業需要。加之軟硬體建置成本，與日後維護的考量，使得企業評選ERP產生極大的困難。加之客製化風潮的興起，企業管理也極需要高度彈性，以因應客戶與市場的多樣化需求。ERP的管理彈性，也受到極大的考驗。尤其，市面流行之套裝軟體，其授權方式禁止對其核心程式變更，更造成導入企業過程的難度。然而客製化ERP可依企業或產業特性量身訂製，可有效地克服套裝ERP的僵固性。然而相對於發展成熟的套裝軟體，於軟硬體建置與日後維護的優勢，客製化過程需要更多前置規劃作業與後續發展思考。
本研究透過研究紡織業代表性個案在ERP從品選過程、導入過程的差異性，探討客製化ERP對於企業的影響性。透過此一探討，發現客製化ERP對於企業轉型的角色，從單純的電腦軟體，轉變成為推動企業作業革新、製程變革的主力。特別是K公司內部同時採用套裝與客製化ERP，直接比較此二類系統對於企業的個別影響。對於低變動性的事業體，套裝軟體即可滿足其絕大多數的需求性。小規模的客製功能模組，克服不同產業特性需求。而高變動性的事業體，如K公司H事業部與M公司，往往面臨量少多樣或客製化需求，僅能透過客製化ERP解決多樣化的原物料採購管理、生產調配。然而，從客製化ERP的規劃建置到導入完成的過程，企業人員重新檢討工作流程，並且融入未來發展所需要之彈性，直接促進企業轉型。人員的參與感、降低人力需求等週邊效益，提高公司向心力與降低人力成本。
由本研究的結果可知，選擇ERP系統首重企業目標，依循企業目標選擇適當與適性的ERP。客製化ERP可有效應付企業特殊需求，提升作業的彈性度。建置客製化ERP過程，亦推動企業的流程變革，改善工作效率，為企業轉型提供極大的助力。
=== Textile industry is one of ancient industry around the world. It is deeply correlated with culture, lifestyle and economics. In the early of 20th century, two globalized wars made economic collapsed and countries reformed. Textile industry run massive production to fulfill global market. However, globalization and maturation of internet push new concepts, based on personalization, to every country. More and more customized orders instead. Management of textile industry faces to the new challenge from designing to manufacturing.
Information technologies are introduced into management that integrate the processing from designing to manufacturing. Enterprise Resource Planning, ERP, was settle since 1992 and referred to integration and data-linking of sales and design, manufacturing and accounting. Various ERP systems have been bundled as commercial software for enterprises. It is very hard to be chosen an ERP software for fully fitting every industry, because of specific working process and demands. Somehow, authorizing of ERP is restricted to modify source code that function modules for some special working flows are coded as plugins, increasing of cost for setting and maintaining.
At presence, customization as the main stream in the textile industry need more flexibilities of manufacturer to coordinate whole departments to co-work. Weakness of commercial ERP software is unable to efficiently integrate working processing of textile industry. Hereby, the study analysis some cases that introduced ERP to treatment working processing. We compared the commercial and customized ERP from selection to introduction. Commercial ERP was easy to set up and maintain, but restricted authorizing made hard to code new modules for solution of some working flow. Users were forced to modify flowing for the ERP, creating additional steps to finish a function. Otherwise, procedures for introduction of customized ERP were totally different from commercial. All of working flow have to be reconsidered and verified; than the ERP team which is composed with employee, consultant, and software engineers kick go to plan the map of ERP. Therefore, customized ERP has more flexibilities for corporate transformation.
The result is presented that the most important criterial to selection of ERP is the vision of the enterprise. Customized ERP flexibly solute special requirements of industry and improve working efficiency.
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