海涅的遊記詩《德國，一個冬天的童話》中宗教典故之運用

• Main Authors: 孫亞玲, Sun, Yaling
• Language: 中文
• Published: 國立政治大學
• Subjects: 封建專制; 宗教典故; 諷諭詩; 文檢制度; 復古運動; 海涅; Feudal Autocracy; Religious Allusions; Time Satires; Cultural Censorship; Restoration; Heinrich Heine
• Online Access: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/cgi-bin/cdrfb3/gsweb.cgi?o=dstdcdr&i=sid=%22G0100952003%22.

德國愛國詩人海涅 (Heinrich Heine, 1797-1856) 於1831年流亡至法國，在闊別祖國13年之後，第一次返鄉時目睹祖國封建專制，社會瀰漫於宗教迷思的狀態，於是在回程時寫下遊記詩《德國，一個冬天的童話》(Deutschland. Ein Wintermärchen)，作品中利用當時的人、事、物，中世紀典故、古希臘羅馬時期典故以及宗教典故等反映當時的政治光景，是海涅不滿當時的政治情景而作的諷諭詩 (Zeitsatiren)。作者在文本中多處使用聖經典故嘲諷當時政治社會議題，例如文檢制度與復古運動等。由於在台灣一般人對西方基督教文化的理解有限，聖經中的宗教典故對大多數人是陌生的。所以本文的目的在於探究海涅的遊記詩《德國，一個冬天的童話》中宗教典故之運用，希望藉由本研究的分析與詮釋，有助於華語世界的讀者藉著對聖經中宗教典故的認識，進而對海涅所諷刺的議題能窺其堂奧，更深入了解這部作品的精華。 === German patriotic poet Heine (Heinrich Heine, 1797-1856) was exiled to France in 1831. Thirteen years after leaving his homeland, when first he returned to Germany, Heine observed that the state was still characterized by feudal autocracy, and that society was filled with religious superstition. Upon his return, he wrote the poem, "Germany, a Winter's Tale" (Deutschland. Ein Wintermärchen), in which he reflected on the political situation in terms of the issues of his time, Greco-Roman and medieval allusions, and other religious allusions. The satire (Zeitsatiren) was written by a Heine dissatisfied with the status quo. In the text, many biblical allusions are applied to ridicule contemporary popular topics, such as Cultural Censorship and Restoration. For readers in Taiwan, the religious allusions constitute a barrier to understanding and most Taiwanese are unfamiliar with the Bible. The main purpose of this paper is to explore the usage of the religious allusions of Heine’s poem "Germany, a Winter's Tale" in hopes that the analysis and interpretation offered will help Chinese-speaking readers understand the religious allusions of the Bible and better appreciate the issues ironically highlighted in this work.