意義的發生學－胡塞爾與德希達對意義理論的討論

• Main Authors: 陳奕傑, Chen, Yi Chieh
• Language: 中文
• Published: 國立政治大學
• Subjects: 胡塞爾; 德希達; 意義; 符號; 現前; Husserl; Derrida; sense; sign; presence
• Online Access: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/cgi-bin/cdrfb3/gsweb.cgi?o=dstdcdr&i=sid=%22G0100154003%22.

本研究旨在重構胡塞爾的意義發生理論與德希達對其的詮釋與批評。首先，透過對胡塞爾文本的考察，架構出其意義理論的三個層次──意義、表達與指號，指出晚期胡塞爾的意義理論不但承繼了此三個層次，更更進一步於歷史性的角度下，一方面探討意義流傳問題所彰顯出的語言與書寫之重要性，另一方面則討論意義發生的起源中，作為形式來源的內時間意識作用與作為質料內容的前述謂經驗。其次，重構德希達對於胡塞爾的詮釋與批評，其詮釋在於利用上述意義理論的三個層次作為進路，闡明現象學如何在此現前域的核心中保有一純粹內在的意義核心；其批評則藉由想像詞語、語言的歧義性與內時間意識的自觸發作用等概念而展開，一方面指出意義結構中各環節之不可分性，另一方面則批評非現前者早已經於現前的核心中運作。除了重構胡塞爾與德希達的理論內容之外，我們將試圖一方面從胡塞爾的角度評估德希達之解讀的有效性，另一方面，從德希達的角度出發，藉著探究其概念操作，試圖指出其批評得以開展的關鍵之處，以及此一批評所引入的新的符號概念。 === This thesis is to reconstruct the theory of genesis of sense in the thinking of Edmund Husserl (1859-1938) and the interpretation and criticism of this theory by Jacques Derrida (1930-2004). Firstly, through the study of Husserl’s texts, we construct the three-level structure of its meaning theory: sense-expression-indication. We claim that the theory of sense in Husserl’s late thinking also inherits the same structure, but his late thinking in advanced discussed, on one hand, the sense-transmission problem, which demonstrate the importance of language and writing, under the scope of historicity; on the other hand, Husserl investigated the origin of the genesis of sense, including the internal time consciousness as the source of form and the pre-predicative experience as the content of matter. Secondly, we reconstruct Derrida’s interpretation and criticism of Husserl’s thinking. By interpreting Husserl’s theoretical moments such as monologue and the core of pre-expressive sense, Derrida reveals how phenomenology has secured a pure internal core of sense in the field of presence. His criticism is unfolded through the concepts of imaginary words, equivocality of language and the auto-affection of the internal time consciousness, claiming on one hand, the indivisibility of the moments in the structure of sense and that the non-present has already worked in the core of presence. Besides the reconstruction of the theory of Husserl and Derrida, we also intend to evaluate the validity of Derrida’s criticism and explore his operation of concepts in order to explicate the critical point which permits his criticism in which a new concept of sign is introduced.