| Summary: | 隨著環境保護以及永續發展意識的提高，使得綠色生產力議題漸漸受到重視，歐洲更是對綠色產品制定嚴格的法規，包括「廢電子電機設備指令 (Waste Electronics and Electrical Equipment; WEEE) 」及「電子電機設備中危害物質限用指令 (Restriction of the use of certain hazardous substance in electrical and electronic equipment; RoHS)」。對此，環境議題在供應鏈管理中造成很大的影響，綠色供應鏈管理 (Green Supply Chain Management) 也因此順應而生。
為尋求健全的綠色供應鏈，必須在現有的供應商管理機制上，加上永續發展的考量，也就是推動綠色供應商管理（賴義方，民92）。其範圍包括：夥伴及聯盟關係、追蹤與管制、技術合作、產品品質、定價及協商、資訊共享、環境績效評估以及綠色供應商評選，其中綠色供應商評選和其他議題息息相關，在綠色供應鏈中扮演舉足輕重的角色（施勵行、林琨翔，民92）。
在評選合適的綠色供應商之前，買方必須提出屬於自己產業需要的評選指標（李志隆，2004）。過去關於供應商評選指標的研究都只針對傳統的成本、品質與交期等因素進行討論，可是環境的風險可能經由供應商而來，除了考慮傳統的因素外，更應該考慮決策對環境帶來的衝擊 (Handfield et al., 2005)。因此有必要建立完整的綠色供應商評選指標。並且過去文獻多認為層級分析法 (Analytic Hierarchy Process) 最適合做為供應商評選之方法，但是層級分析法視各評選指標之間為獨立關係，然而，供應商評選指標之間應是具有相互影響與回饋關係，因此供應商評選的方法有必要進行修正，改採「分析網路程序法 (Analytic Network Process, ANP)」。在分析網路程序法中，有一關鍵步驟為建立指標之網路結構，當網路結構不一樣時，所得結果也有所不同，所以網路結構的正確性就變得相當重要，對此，將使用詮釋結構模式 (Interpretive Structure Model, ISM) 以有系統的方式建立評選指標之間的關係，進而提高網路結構的正確性，因此本研究將結合詮釋結構模式與分析網路程序法來建立綠色供應商評選模式。
=== Before evaluating and selecting green suppliers, buyers must offer evaluation criteria according to the requirements of their industries. In the past, the researches about supplier evaluation criteria mostly focused on the traditional issues of cost, quality and delivery. However, the environmental risk can be caused by suppliers. Besides considering about the traditional issues, the buyers should even pay attention to the impact to environment by their policies, hence it is necessary to build completed green supplier evaluation criteria.
According to the literature, Analytic Hierarchy Process was the best method for supplier evaluation. Analytic Hierarchy Process is defined that each evaluation criterion is independent. However, supplier evaluation criteria should be interdependence and feedback. Therefore, the evaluating and selecting methods are needed to be revised into Analytic Network Process. In Analytic Network Process, there is a crucial step that is to create a network of criteria. Because different network leads to different result, the correctness of the network is very important. For this issue, Interpretive Structure Model will be used to build up a relation between evaluation criteria in a systematic way to increase the correctness. In this research, Interpretive Structure Model and Analytic Network Process will be combined to create a green supplier evaluation model.
Keyword : green supplier、Interpretive Structure Model、Analytic Network Process
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