建構原住民族傳統領域制度之研究

• Main Author: 張則民
• Language: 中文
• Published: 國立政治大學
• Subjects: 原住民; 土地; 傳統領域; 制度
• Online Access: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/cgi-bin/cdrfb3/gsweb.cgi?o=dstdcdr&i=sid=%22G0093923007%22.

自原住民族基本法2005年2月5日公布施行以來，原住民族傳統領域土地一直為國內各界熱衷討論及研究之議題，其中包含應用PPGIS技術整合原住民集體記憶轉繪為部落地圖，以及從共管面向探討原住民地區內自然資源管理模式等多方論述；而政府在面臨原住民族訴求土地權利返還主張之時，也總是以由上而下式的思考模式框限原住民族土地之發展空間，形成政策制度與原住民社會期待間之落差，近日司馬庫斯風倒櫸木事件適為此現象之最佳例證。 本文爰以多元文化主義、自然主權及生物多樣性為論述基礎，參酌加拿大處理原住民族主張土地權利之長久且成效豐碩經驗，釐清未來原住民族傳統領域制度建立時所遭遇基本內涵、形成步驟、產權型態及衝突解決途徑等四面向問題徵點。研究結果顯示，應以部落為主體及土地使用關係作為傳統領域之劃設準據，並採用協商合作方式作為調查處理的基本制度模式，而傳統領域產權制度則以部落共有制為核心基礎，至於關於傳統領域問題如何解決，需成立中立爭議調處機構衡平協調處理。 === The indigenous tradition territory has been a hot subject of discussion and research all over the country since the Indigenous Fundamental Law was promulgated and enforced On February 5, 2005; the study orientation includes that using the PPGIS technology to integrate the indigenous collective memory extends the tribe map, as well as based on the condominium spirit discusses the natural resource management pattern in the original resident area. However, when dealing with the request made by the indigenous of returning land right, government uses a top-down thinking mode to limit the indigenous land development, which causes the gap between the policy institution and the indigenous society expectation; a perfect example is the recently incident regarding stealing trees blew down by typhoon in Marcus. This article takes the multicultural principle, the natural sovereignty and the biodiversity as the elaboration foundation, and also refers to the Canadian long-term and great experiences of dealing with the issue concerning the indigenous land right, in order to clarify four questions, basic connotation, the step of formation, the type of property right and the solution of conflict, encountered when the indigenous tradition territory establishes domain system in the future. The findings showed that we should consider the tribe a main body, delimit the traditional domain based on the land use relation, and select a consultative cooperation method as the basic system mode of investigation. Moreover, the traditional domain property right system takes the tribe co-owned institution as the core foundation. As to solutions of indigenous traditional domain, we should set up a neutral organization to mediate those disputes objectivity.