資產品質及資本結構與商業銀行經營效率衡量之關聯性研究

• Main Author: 楊能傑
• Language: 中文
• Published: 國立政治大學
• Subjects: 管理效率; 規模效率; X-efficiency; Scale-efficiency
• Online Access: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/cgi-bin/cdrfb3/gsweb.cgi?o=dstdcdr&i=sid=%22B2002002477%22.

銀行經營效率分為管理效率(X-efficiency)及規模效率(Scale-efficiency)二方面，而國內以往的研究，對於用以衡量經營效率的成本函數中，大多僅包含產出項目與投入要素價格，本研究為使銀行經營效率的衡量更正確，在成本函數中另外加入資產品質與資本結構二個變數。其中，資產品質係以備抵呆帳或催收款替代；而資本結構則是用負債總額為代表。 本研究根據國內外相關文獻，參考國內金融環境的變革、公民營型態的不同、收集民國70年至民國84年上市、上櫃及公開發行計34家商業銀行之相關資料，將樣本做不同的分組，觀察國內商業銀行之經營效率與其本身的資產品質及資本結構之間的關聯性，實證結果如下： 一、以備抵呆帳代表銀行的資產品質時，其與總營業成本之間的關係，隨樣本分組不同而有不同的結果，但大多為正向關係，且達顯著水準。故備抵呆帳與銀行的總營業成本有關，與預期一致。 二、以催收款代表銀行的資產品質時，其與總營業成本之參數估計為負值，此結果與預期不符。故催收款不能代表銀行的資產品質。 三、以負債總額代表銀行的資本結構時，其與總營業成本之間的關係，隨樣本分組不同而有不同的結果，但大多為正向關係，且達顯著水準。故負債總額與銀行的總營業成本有關，與預期一致。 四、在成本函數中新增資產品質與資本結構二個變數後，銀行之X-efficiency管理效率之衡量結果方面，整體上，民營銀行-新銀行最佳，公營銀行次之，而民營銀行-舊銀行最差。 五、在成本函數中新增資產品質與資本結構二個變數後，銀行之Scale-efficiency規模效率之衡量結果方面，整體上，公營銀行優於民營銀行。 === This study examines two different perspectives ofefficiency, X-efficiency and Scale-efficiency, for commercial banks in Taiwan from 1981 to 1995. The primary purpose and contribution of this paper is to investigate the impacts of asset quality and capital structure on the measurement of bank elficiency. We use allowance for doubtful accounts or non-performing loans as the proxy for asset quality. The main findings are as follows: 1. Asset quality, measured by doubtful accounts, affects bank production cost. The results show that banks with larger allowance for doubtfal accounts, i.e. bad asset quality, tend to have higher production costs. 2. The results using non-performing loans as a proxy for asset quality are also consistent with our hypothesis. That is, production costs are generally higher for banks with larger non-performing loans. 3. Capital structure of banks plays a crucial role in their production cost estimates. Due to differential impacts of sources of funds on production function, banks with larger external funds, i.e. liabilities, would incur higher production costs. 4. Our results support that new private banks in Taiwan are generally more X-efficient than public banks. On tile contrary, public banks in Taiwan tend to be more scale-efficient than private banks.