| Summary: | 本研究主要探討國民小學校長領導風格、教師工作價值觀與教師組織成諾之關係。內容可分為三部份，首先探討國小校長領導風格、教師工作價值觀與教師組織承諾之內涵與現況；其次探究國小校長領導風格、教師工作價值觀與教師組織承諾之相關；再者希望瞭解教師背景變項在校長領導風格、教師工作價值觀與教師組織承諾上之差異情形。
本研究以台北市公立國民小學教師為對象，以「國民小學校長領導風格與教師工作狀況調查問卷」為工具進行研究，內涵「校長轉型領導量表」、「校長交易領導量表」、「教師工作價值觀量表」及「教師組織承諾量表」，各項工具以五等第量表呈現。預試有效樣本 199 位教師，以因素分析、積差相關分析、項目分析及信度分析方法檢驗預試問卷效度與信度；正式施測有效樣本 642 位教師，其中男性 178 人，女性 464 人，分別以描述統計、 t 考驗、變異數分析、積差相關等統計方法分析資料。
本研究主要結果如下：
一、「校長轉型領導」內涵包括型塑遠景、魅力影響、激發鼓舞、智識啟發及個別關懷，平均得分介於 3.61~3.78 之間，為中上程度；「校長交易領導」內涵包括主動例外管理、被動例外管理、承諾後效酬賞及實質後效酬賞，平均得分介於 2.67~3.73 之間，為中等程度。在國小教師工作價值觀方面，其內涵包括成長發展、成就聲望、創新變化、工作環境及安全福利，平均得分介於 2.69~3.84 之間，屬中等程度。在國小教師組織承諾方面，其內涵包括組織認同、努力意願及留職傾向，平均得分介於 3.76~4.18 之間，屬中上程度。
二、校長轉型領導行為與教師組織承諾呈相關；校長交易領導行為除「被動例外管理」與教師組織承諾為負相關外，其他向度與教師組織承諾亦呈正相關；此外，校長可同時兼具轉型領導與交易領導行為。
三、國小教師工作價值觀與教師組織承諾呈正相關，顯示工作價值觀高之教師，其教師組織承諾亦較高；惟「安全福利」與留職傾向無顯著相關。
四、低中高三組不同程度國小校長領導風格、教師工作價值觀在整體教師組織承諾及其各向度上答顯著差異，高轉型領導校長、高交易領導校長、高工作價值觀之教師，其教師組織承諾較高。
五、教師人口背景變項中，轉型領導部份：性別、年齡、婚姻狀況、任教年資、學校規模在知覺校長轉型領導上具有顯著差異，但學歷背景、現任職務則無顯著差異；交易領導部份：學歷背景、任教年資、學校規模在知覺校長交易領導上具有顯著差異，但性別、年齡、婚姻狀況、現任職務則無顯著差異。
六、教師人口背景變項中，性別、年齡、婚姻狀況、任教年資、現任職務在教師工作價值觀上具有顯著差異，但學歷背景、學校規模則無顯著差異。
七、教師人口背景變項中，年齡、婚姻狀況、學歷背景、任教年資、現任職務在教師組織承諾上具有顯著差異，但性別、學校規模則無顯著差異。
最後，根據文獻探討及實證研究結果提出具體建議。在教育行政單位方面：強化校長轉型領導知能、規劃實施教師生涯進階制度，以提昇教師組織承諾；在國小校長方面：兼重轉型與交易之全方位領導、加強年輕資淺教師組織承諾、鼓勵教師在職進修，增進教師對學校認同與努力意願、充分授權，拓展教師參與決策機會與行政經驗；在國小教師方面：主動參與校務活動及行政工作、培養積極工作價值觀與態度；在未來研究方面，包含對研究問題、研究對象、研究方法之建議，以提供未來研究者之參考。
=== This study focused on the following topics. First, it explored the reality for elementary school principal's leadership style, which included transformational leadership and transactional leadership,teacher's work value and organizational commitment. Second, it investigated the relationship among theprincipal's leadership style, teacher's work value and organizational commitment. Finally, it tried to understand the differences between teacher's demographic variables on the teacher's perception of the principal's leadership style, teacher's work value and organizational commitment.
This study employed the survey method. The subjects were 642 teachers randomly sampled from 54 public elementary schools in Taipei. The instruments included " The principal's transformational leadership inventory ", " The principal's transactional leadership inventory "," The teacher's work value inventory ", and " The teacher's organizational commitment ". Data were analyzed using the method of descriptive andinferential statistics, including frequencies, t-test, correlation analysis, and ANOVA.
The major findings are: 1. The scores were above average on the principal's transformational leadership and the teacher's organi-zational commitment; the scores were average on the principal's transactional leadership and the teacher's work value. 2. Significant positive correlation existed between the principal's transformational leadership and the teacher's organizational commitment. The principal's transactional leadership also have positive correlation with teacher's organizational commitment except "passive management-by-exception". Besides, the result showed that a transformational principal can also be a transactional leader .3. Significant positive correlation existed between the teacher's work value and organizational commitment.
However, there are no correlation between " safty and welfare" and "intention to stay".4. Significant differences existed among low, middle, and high principal's transformational leadership, transactional leadership, and teacher's work value on teacher's organizational commitment .5. Significant differences existed in the teacher's gender, age, marriage, seniority, school size on the teacher's perception of principal's transformational leadership .6. Significant differences existed in the teacher's academic degree, seniority, school size on the teacher's perception of principal's transactional leadership .7. Significant differences existed in the teacher's gender, age, marriage, seniority, position on the teacher's work value .8. Significant differences existed in the teacher's age, marriage, academic degree, seniority, position on the teacher's organizational commitment.
According to the results of this study, the researcher tried to make some suggestions for educationalauthorities, elementary school principals, elementary school teachers and the future study.
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