Part I. Synthesis of L-Arnino Acid Oxidase by a Serine- or Glycine-Requiring Strain of Neurospora. Part II. Studies Concerning Multiple Electrophoretic Forms of Tyrosinase in Neurospora

• Main Author: Maxwell, Joyce Bennett
• Format: Others
• Language: en
• Published: 1970
• Online Access: https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/9102/1/Maxwell_jb_1970.pdf; Maxwell, Joyce Bennett (1970) Part I. Synthesis of L-Arnino Acid Oxidase by a Serine- or Glycine-Requiring Strain of Neurospora. Part II. Studies Concerning Multiple Electrophoretic Forms of Tyrosinase in Neurospora. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/GHCK-W396. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:08132015-083412760 <https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:08132015-083412760>

<p>Part I: Synthesis of L-Amino Acid Oxidase by a Serine- or Glycine-Requiring Strain of Neurospora</p> <p>Wild-type cultures of Neurospora crassa growing on minimal medium contain low levels of L-amino acid oxidase, tyrosinase, and nicotinarnide adenine dinucleotide glycohydrase (NADase). The enzymes are derepressed by starvation and by a number of other conditions which are inhibitory to growth. L-amino acid oxidase is, in addition, induced by growth on amino acids. A mutant which produces large quantities of both L-amino acid oxidase and NADase when growing on minimal medium was investigated. Constitutive synthesis of L-amino acid oxidase was shown to be inherited as a single gene, called P110, which is separable from constitutive synthesis of NADase. P110 maps near the centromere on linkage group IV.</p> <p>L-amino acid oxidase produced constitutively by P110 was partially purified and compared to partially purified L-amino acid oxidase produced by derepressed wild-type cultures. The enzymes are identical with respect to thermostability and molecular weight as judged by gel filtration.</p> <p>The mutant P110 was shown to be an incompletely blocked auxotroph which requires serine or glycine. None of the enzymes involved in the synthesis of serine from 3-phosphoglyceric acid or glyceric acid was found to be deficient in the mutant, however. An investigation of the free intracellular amino acid pools of P110 indicated that the mutant is deficient in serine, glycine, and alanine, and accumulates threonine and homoserine.</p> <p>The relationship between the amino acid requirement of P110 and its synthesis of L-amino acid oxidase is discussed.</p> <p>Part II: Studies Concerning Multiple Electrophoretic Forms of Tyrosinase in Neurospora</p> <p>Supernumerary bands shown by some crude tyrosinase preparations in paper electrophoresis were investigated. Genetic analysis indicated that the location of the extra bands is determined by the particular T allele present. The presence of supernumerary bands varies with the method used to derepress tyrosinase production, and with the duration of derepression. The extra bands are unstable and may convert to the major electrophoretic band, suggesting that they result from modification of a single protein. Attempts to isolate the supernumerary bands by continuous flow paper electrophoresis or density gradient zonal electrophoresis were unsuccessful.</p>