Reversible Inactivation of Different Millimeter-Scale Regions of Primate IT Results in Different Patterns of Core Object Recognition Deficits

• Main Authors: Rajalingham, Rishi (Author), DiCarlo, James (Author)
• Other Authors: McGovern Institute for Brain Research at MIT (Contributor), Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences (Contributor)
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier BV, 2020-08-20T17:55:02Z.
• Subjects: Article
• Online Access: Get fulltext

Extensive research suggests that the inferior temporal (IT) population supports visual object recognition behavior. However, causal evidence for this hypothesis has been equivocal, particularly beyond the specific case of face-selective subregions of IT. Here, we directly tested this hypothesis by pharmacologically inactivating individual, millimeter-scale subregions of IT while monkeys performed several core object recognition subtasks, interleaved trial-by trial. First, we observed that IT inactivation resulted in reliable contralateral-biased subtask-selective behavioral deficits. Moreover, inactivating different IT subregions resulted in different patterns of subtask deficits, predicted by each subregion's neuronal object discriminability. Finally, the similarity between different inactivation effects was tightly related to the anatomical distance between corresponding inactivation sites. Taken together, these results provide direct evidence that the IT cortex causally supports general core object recognition and that the underlying IT coding dimensions are topographically organized.
National Eye Institute (Grant R01-EY014970)
United States. Office of Naval Research. Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative (Grant MURI-114407))
Simons Foundation. Simons Collaboration on the Global Brain (Grant 325500)