| Summary: | In the process of completing this work, I received contributions from a number of academicians and organizations. To them, I wish to express my sincere appreciation to my supervisor, Prof. Dr. Manabu Kanda and Dr. Atsushi Inagaki for initiating this research topic and for their encouragement and guidance. Also without the support from Prof. Dr. Takayuki Aoki and Dr. Naoyuki Onodera in performing the large eddy simulation (LES) with lattice Boltzmann method (LBM), this work would not have been the same as presented. I would also like to thank the PALM group and Prof. Dr. Siegfried Raasch at the Universität Hannover for their assistance while testing the parallelized large eddy simulation model (PALM). This research could not be accomplished without the support from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI Grant Numbers 25249066 and 26420492 and the support received from the Joint Usage/Research Center for Interdisciplinary Large-scale Information Infrastructures and High performance Computing Infrastructure in Japan. I am also indebted to the Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE) for granting me sponsorships (SLAI) and to the Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) for approving my study leave. The Tokyo Tech's librarians also deserved special thanks for their assistance in supplying me with some relevant materials and data. I extend my sincere appreciation to all Kanda Lab's members especially to Dr. Alvin Christopher Galang Varquez and Miss Ayako Yagi, not to forget, Mrs. Yuko Okamoto for their supports and assistance since the beginning of this work. I am grateful to many Malaysian and international colleagues for their comments at different stages of this work. Finally, my gratitude is due to my parents and family members for their sacrifices, concerns and undying love.
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