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|a In this study, pure Jathropa oil (a non-edible vegetable oil) being converted to biodiesel (Jathropa Methyl-Ester or JME) using esterification and trans esterification process and blended with diesel in a certain proportion to produce four different volume composition of Jathropa oil/diesel ratios , 5/95% (B5), 10/90% (B10), 15/85% (B15) and 20/80% (B20) respectively. Each of the blends are compared with diesel to study their performance concerning its fuel properties, its temperature profile and gas emission (NOx and CO) in three different nozzle which has different flow rate and spray angle at five different equivalent ratio. Based on the result, regarding to its temperature profile each of the blends didn't exceed the value of diesel and produce lower emission (NOx and CO) compare to diesel. This might be due to different in its fuel properties, its temperature profile and different flow rate.
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