Semi-quantitative understanding of source contribution to nitrous acid (HONO) based on 1 year of continuous observation at the SORPES station in eastern China

Semi-quantitative understanding of source contribution to nitrous acid (HONO) based on 1 year of continuous observation at the SORPES station in eastern China

<p>Nitrous acid (HONO), an important precursor of the hydroxyl radical (OH), has long been recognized as of significance to atmospheric chemistry, but its sources are still debated. In this study, we conducted continuous measurement of HONO from November 2017 to November 2018 at the SORPES sta...

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Main Authors: Y. Liu, W. Nie, Z. Xu, T. Wang, R. Wang, Y. Li, L. Wang, X. Chi, A. Ding
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Copernicus Publications 2019-10-01
Series:Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Online Access:https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/19/13289/2019/acp-19-13289-2019.pdf
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language English
format Article
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author Y. Liu
Y. Liu
W. Nie
W. Nie
Z. Xu
Z. Xu
T. Wang
T. Wang
R. Wang
R. Wang
Y. Li
Y. Li
L. Wang
L. Wang
X. Chi
X. Chi
A. Ding
A. Ding
spellingShingle Y. Liu
Y. Liu
W. Nie
W. Nie
Z. Xu
Z. Xu
T. Wang
T. Wang
R. Wang
R. Wang
Y. Li
Y. Li
L. Wang
L. Wang
X. Chi
X. Chi
A. Ding
A. Ding
Semi-quantitative understanding of source contribution to nitrous acid (HONO) based on 1 year of continuous observation at the SORPES station in eastern China
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
author_facet Y. Liu
Y. Liu
W. Nie
W. Nie
Z. Xu
Z. Xu
T. Wang
T. Wang
R. Wang
R. Wang
Y. Li
Y. Li
L. Wang
L. Wang
X. Chi
X. Chi
A. Ding
A. Ding
author_sort Y. Liu
title Semi-quantitative understanding of source contribution to nitrous acid (HONO) based on 1 year of continuous observation at the SORPES station in eastern China
title_short Semi-quantitative understanding of source contribution to nitrous acid (HONO) based on 1 year of continuous observation at the SORPES station in eastern China
title_full Semi-quantitative understanding of source contribution to nitrous acid (HONO) based on 1 year of continuous observation at the SORPES station in eastern China
title_fullStr Semi-quantitative understanding of source contribution to nitrous acid (HONO) based on 1 year of continuous observation at the SORPES station in eastern China
title_full_unstemmed Semi-quantitative understanding of source contribution to nitrous acid (HONO) based on 1 year of continuous observation at the SORPES station in eastern China
title_sort semi-quantitative understanding of source contribution to nitrous acid (hono) based on 1 year of continuous observation at the sorpes station in eastern china
publisher Copernicus Publications
series Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
issn 1680-7316
1680-7324
publishDate 2019-10-01
description <p>Nitrous acid (HONO), an important precursor of the hydroxyl radical (OH), has long been recognized as of significance to atmospheric chemistry, but its sources are still debated. In this study, we conducted continuous measurement of HONO from November 2017 to November 2018 at the SORPES station in Nanjing of eastern China. The yearly average mixing ratio of observed HONO was <span class="inline-formula">0.69±0.58</span>&thinsp;ppb, showing a larger contribution to OH relative to ozone with a mean OH production rate of 1.16&thinsp;ppb&thinsp;h<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span>. To estimate the effect of combustion emissions of HONO, the emitted ratios of HONO to <span class="inline-formula">NO<sub><i>x</i></sub></span> were derived from 55 fresh plumes (<span class="inline-formula">NO∕NO<sub><i>x</i></sub></span>&thinsp;&gt;&thinsp;0.85), with a mean value of 0.79&thinsp;%. During the nighttime, the chemistry of HONO was found to depend on RH, and heterogeneous reaction of <span class="inline-formula">NO<sub>2</sub></span> on an aerosol surface was presumably responsible for HONO production. The average nighttime <span class="inline-formula">NO<sub>2</sub></span>-to-HONO conversion frequency (<span class="inline-formula"><i>C</i><sub>HONO</sub></span>) was determined to be <span class="inline-formula">0.0055±0.0032</span>&thinsp;h<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span> from 137 HONO formation cases. The missing source of HONO around noontime seemed to be photo-induced, with an average <span class="inline-formula"><i>P</i><sub>unknown</sub></span> of 1.04&thinsp;ppb&thinsp;h<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span>, based on a semi-quantitative HONO budget analysis. An over-determined system of equations was applied to obtain the monthly variations in nocturnal HONO sources. Besides the burning-emitted HONO (accounting for about 23&thinsp;% of the total concentration), the contribution of HONO formed heterogeneously on ground surfaces to measured HONO was an approximately constant proportion of 36&thinsp;% throughout the year. The soil emission revealed clear seasonal variation and contributed up to 40&thinsp;% of observed HONO in July and August. A higher propensity for generating HONO on aerosol surfaces occurred in severe hazes (accounting for 40&thinsp;% of the total concentration in January). Our results highlight ever-changing contributions of HONO sources and encourage more long-term observations to evaluate the contributions from varied sources.</p>
url https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/19/13289/2019/acp-19-13289-2019.pdf
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spelling doaj-ffe9c8f80ac44278bb30c12251fb4bf02020-11-24T21:58:37ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242019-10-0119132891330810.5194/acp-19-13289-2019Semi-quantitative understanding of source contribution to nitrous acid (HONO) based on 1 year of continuous observation at the SORPES station in eastern ChinaY. Liu0Y. Liu1W. Nie2W. Nie3Z. Xu4Z. Xu5T. Wang6T. Wang7R. Wang8R. Wang9Y. Li10Y. Li11L. Wang12L. Wang13X. Chi14X. Chi15A. Ding16A. Ding17Joint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences, School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, ChinaJiangsu Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Climate Change, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, ChinaJoint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences, School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, ChinaJiangsu Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Climate Change, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, ChinaJoint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences, School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, ChinaJiangsu Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Climate Change, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, ChinaJoint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences, School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, ChinaJiangsu Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Climate Change, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, ChinaJoint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences, School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, ChinaJiangsu Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Climate Change, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, ChinaJoint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences, School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, ChinaJiangsu Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Climate Change, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, ChinaJoint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences, School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, ChinaJiangsu Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Climate Change, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, ChinaJoint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences, School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, ChinaJiangsu Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Climate Change, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, ChinaJoint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences, School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, ChinaJiangsu Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Climate Change, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, China<p>Nitrous acid (HONO), an important precursor of the hydroxyl radical (OH), has long been recognized as of significance to atmospheric chemistry, but its sources are still debated. In this study, we conducted continuous measurement of HONO from November 2017 to November 2018 at the SORPES station in Nanjing of eastern China. The yearly average mixing ratio of observed HONO was <span class="inline-formula">0.69±0.58</span>&thinsp;ppb, showing a larger contribution to OH relative to ozone with a mean OH production rate of 1.16&thinsp;ppb&thinsp;h<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span>. To estimate the effect of combustion emissions of HONO, the emitted ratios of HONO to <span class="inline-formula">NO<sub><i>x</i></sub></span> were derived from 55 fresh plumes (<span class="inline-formula">NO∕NO<sub><i>x</i></sub></span>&thinsp;&gt;&thinsp;0.85), with a mean value of 0.79&thinsp;%. During the nighttime, the chemistry of HONO was found to depend on RH, and heterogeneous reaction of <span class="inline-formula">NO<sub>2</sub></span> on an aerosol surface was presumably responsible for HONO production. The average nighttime <span class="inline-formula">NO<sub>2</sub></span>-to-HONO conversion frequency (<span class="inline-formula"><i>C</i><sub>HONO</sub></span>) was determined to be <span class="inline-formula">0.0055±0.0032</span>&thinsp;h<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span> from 137 HONO formation cases. The missing source of HONO around noontime seemed to be photo-induced, with an average <span class="inline-formula"><i>P</i><sub>unknown</sub></span> of 1.04&thinsp;ppb&thinsp;h<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span>, based on a semi-quantitative HONO budget analysis. An over-determined system of equations was applied to obtain the monthly variations in nocturnal HONO sources. Besides the burning-emitted HONO (accounting for about 23&thinsp;% of the total concentration), the contribution of HONO formed heterogeneously on ground surfaces to measured HONO was an approximately constant proportion of 36&thinsp;% throughout the year. The soil emission revealed clear seasonal variation and contributed up to 40&thinsp;% of observed HONO in July and August. A higher propensity for generating HONO on aerosol surfaces occurred in severe hazes (accounting for 40&thinsp;% of the total concentration in January). Our results highlight ever-changing contributions of HONO sources and encourage more long-term observations to evaluate the contributions from varied sources.</p>https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/19/13289/2019/acp-19-13289-2019.pdf

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