Transcript levels of Toll-Like receptors 5, 8 and 9 correlate with inflammatory activity in Ulcerative Colitis

• Main Authors: Sánchez-Muñoz Fausto, Fonseca-Camarillo Gabriela, Villeda-Ramírez Marco A, Miranda-Pérez Elizabeth, Mendivil Edgar J, Barreto-Zúñiga Rafael, Uribe Misael, Bojalil Rafael, Domínguez-López Aarón, Yamamoto-Furusho Jesús K
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: BMC 2011-12-01
• Series: BMC Gastroenterology
• Online Access: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-230X/11/138
• ISSN: 1471-230X

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Dysregulation of innate immune response by Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) is a key feature in Ulcerative Colitis (UC). Most studies have focused on <it>TLR2, TLR3</it>, and <it>TLR4 </it>participation in UC. However, few studies have explored other TLRs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the mRNA profiles of <it>TLR1 to 9 </it>in colonic mucosa of UC patients, according to disease activity.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Colonic biopsies were taken from colon during colonoscopy in 51 patients with Ulcerative Colitis and 36 healthy controls. mRNA levels of <it>TLR1 to 9, Tollip</it>, inflammatory cytokines <it>IL6 </it>and <it>TNF </it>were assessed by RT-qPCR with hydrolysis probes. Characterization of <it>TLR9 </it>protein expression was performed by Immunohistochemistry.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Toll-like receptors <it>TLR8, TLR9</it>, and <it>IL6 </it>mRNA levels were significantly higher in the colonic mucosa from UC patients (both quiescent and active) as compared to healthy individuals (p < 0.04). In the UC patients group the <it>TLR2, TLR4, TLR8 </it>and <it>TLR9 </it>mRNA levels were found to be significantly lower in patients with quiescent disease, as compared to those with active disease (p < 0.05), whereas <it>TLR5 </it>showed a trend (p = 0.06). <it>IL6 </it>and <it>TNF </it>mRNA levels were significantly higher in the presence of active disease and help to discriminate between quiescent and active disease (p < 0.05). Also, <it>IL6 </it>and <it>TNF </it>mRNA positively correlate with TLRs mRNA with the exception for <it>TLR3</it>, with stronger correlations for <it>TLR5, TLR8</it>, and <it>TLR9 </it>(p < 0.0001). <it>TLR9 </it>protein expression was mainly in the lamina propria infiltrate.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>This study demonstrates that <it>TLR2, TLR4, TLR8</it>, and <it>TLR9 </it>expression increases in active UC patients, and that the mRNA levels positively correlate with the severity of intestinal inflammation as well as with inflammatory cytokines.</p>