Causal Spatial Object Relocation: Models of Elementary Simple Sentences (a Case Study of the Khakas Language)

• Main Author: Alyona N. Chugunekova
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Российской академии наук, Калмыцкий научный центр 2020-09-01
• Series: Oriental Studies
• Subjects: verbs of movement; adlocative model; delocative model; translocative model; relocation predicates; localizer; causator; khakas language
• Online Access: https://kigiran.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2278

Goals. The article identifies and analyzes models of elementary simple sentences of causal spatial object relocation based on the structural scheme {NS-causrNom NOb-causvAcc AdlocDelocTrlocVfin.}. Materials. The proposals of this block diagram are based on the hypermodel of causal spatial object relocation which combines models of adlocative, delocative, and translocative movement. The causal model, in addition to the mandatory actants (subject and localizer), also requires the position of the moving object be identified. Results. The work shows that relocation of more than three actants in one model is not that typical for the Khakas language (though there are some separate examples). The adlocative model characterizes casual object relocation towards a certain point, the delocative model describes causal object relocation from any point in space, and the translocative model stands for causal object relocation along some track. Each model contains a description of typical semantics, list of most characteristic verbs used, means to delineate the localizer, and specific examples that illustrate their use. Each model varies both semantically and structurally. The adlocative model may have up to 11 variants depending on semantics of the localizer; delocative model — 8 variants; translocative model — 6 variants. A localizer of the adlocative model is represented by a noun in the aditive case (marker — =зар/=зер; =сар/=сер), less often — in the dative (marker — =ға/=ге; =ха/=ке; =a/=e); a delocative localizer employs the ablative case (marker — =таң/=тең; =даң/=дең; =наң/=нең); translocative localizers are characterized by the use of the axial-aditive case (marker — =ча/че; =ӌа/=ӌе).