Prevalence and Factors Associated with Metabolic Syndrome Among HIV/AIDS Infected Patients Who Use ARV, Nan Province, 2015-1016

• Main Authors: Chantana Teekawong, M.Sc., Tawatchai Apidechkul, Dr.P.H. (Epidemiology), Mitra Cassely, M.D., Korakot Chansareewittaya, Ph.D.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Mahidol University 2017-11-01
• Series: Siriraj Medical Journal
• Subjects: Metabolic syndrome; HIV/AIDS; ARV; prevalence; (Siriraj Med J 2017;69: 319-329)
• Online Access: http://www.smj.si.mahidol.ac.th/sirirajmedj/index.php/smj/article/view/814/1522

Objective: A cross-sectional study design was conducted to assess the prevalence and factors associated with the metabolic syndrome among HIV/AIDS infected patients in Nan Province, Thailand. Methods: The study samples were drawn from antiretroviral clinics (ARV) at 10 district hospitals in Nan Province from 2015-2016, aged ≥18 years, who had received antiretroviral therapy for at least six months.The metabolic syndrome was assessed using the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III). A validated questionnaire and laboratory analysis were used as research instruments. Logistic regression was used to identify the associations between variables at alpha=0.5. Results: 252 HIV/AIDS patients who were on ARV were recruited into the study. 53.2% were males, average age was 41.3 years, 55.6% graduated from secondary school, and 51.9% had income ≤5,000 per month. 65.1% had received ARV ≥25 months, and 87.7% had a CD4 level ≤ 200 cell/cm3 , 23.4% had a high systolic blood pressure, and 29.4% had a high diastolic blood pressure. 4.0% had high fasting blood glucose, 40.1% had a high triglyceride, 50.4% of males had a low high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol), and 78.6% of females had a low HDL-cholesterol. The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 52.8%. After control for all confounding variables, HIV/AIDS patients aged 41-50 years had a 1.89 times greater chance (95%CI=1.07-3.33) to develop metabolic syndrome compared to those aged <30 years old, and those aged ≥51years old had a greater chance 2.14 times (95%CI=1.12- 4.53) to develop metabolic syndrome than those aged <30 years old. Those who had no history of taking food more than three times a day had a 1.96 times greater opportunity to develop metabolic syndrome (95%CI=1.19-3.24). Conclusion: Thailand needs to set up a surveillance system on metabolic syndrome among HIV/AIDS infected patients who use ARV to monitor prolonged side effects. Essential health information including personal healthy dietary behavior should be provided for all ARV receiving patients.