The chondrotoxic and apoptotic effects of levobupivacaine and bupivacaine on the rabbit knee joint

Background: A single dose injection or continuous infusion of local anesthetics into the joint space is considered to be a well-defined analgesia technique. The aim of this study was to investigate the chondrotoxic and apoptotic effects of single-dose intra-articular injection of levobupivacaine and...

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Main Authors: Osman Çevik, Özlem Öz Gergin, Karamehmet Yildiz, Adnan Bayram, Özlem Canöz, Mehmet Halici, Münevver Baran, Arzu Yay, Sait Polat
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2018-11-01
Series:Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0104001418301040
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author Osman Çevik
Özlem Öz Gergin
Karamehmet Yildiz
Adnan Bayram
Özlem Canöz
Mehmet Halici
Münevver Baran
Arzu Yay
Sait Polat
spellingShingle Osman Çevik
Özlem Öz Gergin
Karamehmet Yildiz
Adnan Bayram
Özlem Canöz
Mehmet Halici
Münevver Baran
Arzu Yay
Sait Polat
The chondrotoxic and apoptotic effects of levobupivacaine and bupivacaine on the rabbit knee joint
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
author_facet Osman Çevik
Özlem Öz Gergin
Karamehmet Yildiz
Adnan Bayram
Özlem Canöz
Mehmet Halici
Münevver Baran
Arzu Yay
Sait Polat
author_sort Osman Çevik
title The chondrotoxic and apoptotic effects of levobupivacaine and bupivacaine on the rabbit knee joint
title_short The chondrotoxic and apoptotic effects of levobupivacaine and bupivacaine on the rabbit knee joint
title_full The chondrotoxic and apoptotic effects of levobupivacaine and bupivacaine on the rabbit knee joint
title_fullStr The chondrotoxic and apoptotic effects of levobupivacaine and bupivacaine on the rabbit knee joint
title_full_unstemmed The chondrotoxic and apoptotic effects of levobupivacaine and bupivacaine on the rabbit knee joint
title_sort chondrotoxic and apoptotic effects of levobupivacaine and bupivacaine on the rabbit knee joint
publisher Elsevier
series Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
issn 0104-0014
publishDate 2018-11-01
description Background: A single dose injection or continuous infusion of local anesthetics into the joint space is considered to be a well-defined analgesia technique. The aim of this study was to investigate the chondrotoxic and apoptotic effects of single-dose intra-articular injection of levobupivacaine and bupivacaine on rabbit knee joint tissues. Materials and methods: The animals were allocated into two groups each containing 20 rabbits. 0.5% levobupivacaine (Group L) and 0.5% bupivacaine (Group B) were applied intra-articularly to the left posterior joints of rabbits. At the same time, normal saline was applied to the right posterior leg knee joints of rabbits in both groups and used as a control (Group S). At the end of the 7th and 28th days after the intraarticular injections, ten randomly chosen rabbits in each group were killed by applying intraperitoneal thiopental. Sections of cartilage tissue samples were stained for light microscopic examinations and the TUNEL method was used to investigate apoptotic cells. Results: As a result of immunofluorescence microscopic examination, the number of apoptotic cells in Group B at day 7 and day 28 were both significantly higher than Group L and S (p < 0.05). Also, the number of apoptotic cells in Group L at day 7 and day 28 were both significantly higher than Group S (p < 0.05). Conclusions: We found that bupivacaine is more chondrotoxic than other anesthetic agent and increases the number of apoptotic cells. These results indicated that bupivacaine caused high chondrotoxic damage and it led to more apoptotic activation than levobupivacaine. Resumo: Justificativa: Uma injeção em dose única ou infusão contínua de anestésicos locais no espaço articular é considerada uma técnica de analgesia bem definida. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar os efeitos condrotóxicos e apoptóticos da injeção intra-articular com dose única de levobupivacaína e bupivacaína em tecidos articulares do joelho de coelho. Material e métodos: Os animais foram alocados em dois grupos, cada um contendo 20 coelhos. Levobupivacaína a 0,5% (Grupo L) e bupivacaína a 0,5% (Grupo B) foram aplicadas intra-articularmente nas articulações posteriores esquerdas de coelhos. Ao mesmo tempo, solução salina normal foi aplicada nas articulações do joelho da perna posterior direita de coelhos em ambos os grupos e usada como controle (Grupo S). Ao final do 7° e 28° dias após as injeções intra-articulares, 10 coelhos escolhidos aleatoriamente em cada grupo foram mortos por aplicação de tiopental intraperitoneal. Secções de amostras de tecido cartilaginoso foram coradas para exames de microscopia de luz, e o método TUNEL foi usado para investigar células apoptóticas. Resultados: Como resultado do exame microscópico de imunofluorescência nos dias 7 e 28, o número de células apoptóticas no Grupo B foi significativamente maior que nos grupos L e S (p < 0,05). Além disso, o número de células apoptóticas nos dias 7 e 28 foi significativamente maior no Grupo L que no Grupo S (p < 0,05). Conclusões: Demonstramos que a bupivacaína é mais condrotóxica que o outro agente anestésico e aumenta o número de células apoptóticas. Esses resultados indicaram que a bupivacaína causou intensa lesão condrotóxica e levou a uma ativação apoptótica maior que a levobupivacaina. Keywords: Apoptosis, Bupivacaine, Chondrotoxicity, Levobupivacaine, Local anesthetic, Palavras-chave: Apoptose, Bupivacaína, Condrotoxicidade, Levobupivacaína, Anestésico local
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0104001418301040
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spelling doaj-fdcc4b5a92724f15941d190f19afa82a2020-11-25T00:56:46ZengElsevierBrazilian Journal of Anesthesiology0104-00142018-11-01686605612The chondrotoxic and apoptotic effects of levobupivacaine and bupivacaine on the rabbit knee jointOsman Çevik0Özlem Öz Gergin1Karamehmet Yildiz2Adnan Bayram3Özlem Canöz4Mehmet Halici5Münevver Baran6Arzu Yay7Sait Polat8Erciyes University, Medical Faculty, Department of Anesthesiology, Kayseri, TurkeyKayseri Education and Research Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Kayseri, Turkey; Corresponding author.Erciyes University, Medical Faculty, Department of Anesthesiology, Kayseri, TurkeyErciyes University, Medical Faculty, Department of Anesthesiology, Kayseri, TurkeyErciyes University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Kayseri, TurkeyErciyes University Medical Faculty, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Kayseri, TurkeyErciyes University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Kayseri, TurkeyErciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Kayseri, TurkeyCukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Adana, TurkeyBackground: A single dose injection or continuous infusion of local anesthetics into the joint space is considered to be a well-defined analgesia technique. The aim of this study was to investigate the chondrotoxic and apoptotic effects of single-dose intra-articular injection of levobupivacaine and bupivacaine on rabbit knee joint tissues. Materials and methods: The animals were allocated into two groups each containing 20 rabbits. 0.5% levobupivacaine (Group L) and 0.5% bupivacaine (Group B) were applied intra-articularly to the left posterior joints of rabbits. At the same time, normal saline was applied to the right posterior leg knee joints of rabbits in both groups and used as a control (Group S). At the end of the 7th and 28th days after the intraarticular injections, ten randomly chosen rabbits in each group were killed by applying intraperitoneal thiopental. Sections of cartilage tissue samples were stained for light microscopic examinations and the TUNEL method was used to investigate apoptotic cells. Results: As a result of immunofluorescence microscopic examination, the number of apoptotic cells in Group B at day 7 and day 28 were both significantly higher than Group L and S (p < 0.05). Also, the number of apoptotic cells in Group L at day 7 and day 28 were both significantly higher than Group S (p < 0.05). Conclusions: We found that bupivacaine is more chondrotoxic than other anesthetic agent and increases the number of apoptotic cells. These results indicated that bupivacaine caused high chondrotoxic damage and it led to more apoptotic activation than levobupivacaine. Resumo: Justificativa: Uma injeção em dose única ou infusão contínua de anestésicos locais no espaço articular é considerada uma técnica de analgesia bem definida. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar os efeitos condrotóxicos e apoptóticos da injeção intra-articular com dose única de levobupivacaína e bupivacaína em tecidos articulares do joelho de coelho. Material e métodos: Os animais foram alocados em dois grupos, cada um contendo 20 coelhos. Levobupivacaína a 0,5% (Grupo L) e bupivacaína a 0,5% (Grupo B) foram aplicadas intra-articularmente nas articulações posteriores esquerdas de coelhos. Ao mesmo tempo, solução salina normal foi aplicada nas articulações do joelho da perna posterior direita de coelhos em ambos os grupos e usada como controle (Grupo S). Ao final do 7° e 28° dias após as injeções intra-articulares, 10 coelhos escolhidos aleatoriamente em cada grupo foram mortos por aplicação de tiopental intraperitoneal. Secções de amostras de tecido cartilaginoso foram coradas para exames de microscopia de luz, e o método TUNEL foi usado para investigar células apoptóticas. Resultados: Como resultado do exame microscópico de imunofluorescência nos dias 7 e 28, o número de células apoptóticas no Grupo B foi significativamente maior que nos grupos L e S (p < 0,05). Além disso, o número de células apoptóticas nos dias 7 e 28 foi significativamente maior no Grupo L que no Grupo S (p < 0,05). Conclusões: Demonstramos que a bupivacaína é mais condrotóxica que o outro agente anestésico e aumenta o número de células apoptóticas. Esses resultados indicaram que a bupivacaína causou intensa lesão condrotóxica e levou a uma ativação apoptótica maior que a levobupivacaina. Keywords: Apoptosis, Bupivacaine, Chondrotoxicity, Levobupivacaine, Local anesthetic, Palavras-chave: Apoptose, Bupivacaína, Condrotoxicidade, Levobupivacaína, Anestésico localhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0104001418301040