Dexmedetomidine versus magnesium sulfate for induced hypotension during functional endoscopic sinus surgery: A randomized, double-blind study

• Main Authors: Usha Bafna, Satveer Singh Gurjar, Jahnu Bhoj Nagal
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2020-01-01
• Series: Bali Journal of Anesthesiology
• Subjects: controlled hypotension; dexmedetomidine; functional endoscopic sinus surgery; magnesium sulfate
• Online Access: http://www.bjoaonline.com/article.asp?issn=2549-2276;year=2020;volume=4;issue=6;spage=39;epage=43;aulast=Bafna

Background: Bleeding during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) can compromise surgical field quality. Intraoperative controlled hypotension by various hypotensive agents can reduce blood loss and improves surgical field visibility with less need for intraoperative blood transfusions. This study compared the hypotensive effectiveness and safety of dexmedetomidine and magnesium sulfate in patients undergoing elective FESS. Patients and Methods: Sixty adult patients posted for elective FESS were randomly assigned to two groups. Group A received a loading dose of dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg, followed by infusion of 1 μg/kg/h, and Group B received a loading dose of magnesium sulfate 40 mg/kg, followed by 15 mg/kg/h infusion. Surgical field quality, emergence time, sedation score, Visual Analog Scale score, recovery profile, and vital signs were recorded. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was kept above 65 mmHg during induced hypotension. Results: Both the groups achieved the target MAP (65–70 mmHg) and improved the surgical field visibility with reduced blood loss. Hemodynamics was superior in the dexmedetomidine group with the additional advantage of postoperative conscious sedation and analgesia (P < 0.05). None of the groups showed any statically significant adverse effects (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Both dexmedetomidine and magnesium sulfate are safe agents for controlled hypotension for improving surgical field quality. Dexmedetomidine provides an additional benefit of reducing the analgesic requirements and providing postoperative sedation.