| Summary: | Aim: To clarify the role of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG) PET/CT in evaluating of bronchioalveolar carcinoma (BAC) recurrence and its ability to differentiate recurrent pure BAC type from recurrent adenocarcinoma containing BAC. Methods: A prospective study included 24 PET/CT scans (22 patients with known BAC; 14 male; 8 female; age range 49:75 Y.). 15 PET/CT scans performed for suspicious of recurrence and 9 scans for post treatment restating. Results: Among 15 cases with suspicious of recurrence; upstaging detected in 9 cases and downstaging in 1 case. In 9 cases underwent PET/CT scans for restaging after treatment; upstaging in one patient. Sensitivity = 100%, Specificity = 83.3%, PPV = 94.1%, NPV = 100% and accuracy = 95.4%. Statistically significant difference was found between FDG uptake in recurrent BAC and primary BAC (P < 0.0001) and between FDG uptake of recurrent pure BAC type and adenocarcinoma containing BAC (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: In patients with known BAC, PET/CT proved high accuracy in detection of recurrence lesion sites and higher staging accuracy. [18F]FDG PET/CT scan was able to differentiate between recurrent adenocarcinoma containing BAC and recurrent pure BAC type. Keywords: Recurrent bronchioalveolar carcinoma, PET/CT, [18F]FDG, BAC subtypes verification
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