Clinical Outcome of Primary Gastric Lymphoma Treated with Chemotherapy Alone or Surgery Followed by Chemotherapy

• Main Authors: Ming-Chih Chang, Ming-Jer Huang, Ying-Wen Su, Yi-Fang Chang, Johnson Lin, Ruey-Kuen Hsieh
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier 2006-01-01
• Series: Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
• Subjects: chemotherapy; gastric hemorrhage; gastric perforation; localized primary gastric lymphoma; surgery
• Online Access: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0929664609603053

The role of surgical resection in the treatment of primary gastric lymphoma (PGL) remains unclear. This retrospective study evaluated the clinical outcome of PGL treated with chemotherapy alone or surgery followed by chemotherapy. Methods: During 1986-2003, 59 patients with PGL (other than mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type lymphoma) were identified from hospital files. The medical records, pathologic sections, radiographic images and treatment modalities of these patients were reviewed. Patients were categorized into localized (stage IE and IIE-1) and advanced (stage IIE-2 or beyond) stage groups. Survival was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: The study included 55 patients who received treatment at the same institute. Among them, 32 had localized PGL (15 stage IE, 17 stage IIE-1) and 23 had advanced disease. The median survival of the localized stage group was not reached during a mean follow-up of 168.1 ± 16.7 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 135.4-200.8 months), while that of the advanced stage group was 33.0 ± 6.8 months (95% CI, 19.7-46.5; p < 0.001, log-rank test). Among patients with localized PGL, the 5-year overall survival rate of those receiving chemotherapy alone (n = 19) or combination therapy (surgery followed by chemotherapy, n = 13) was 73.4% and 87.5%, respectively (p = 0.229). The 5-year disease-free survival was 68.4% and 84.6%, respectively (p = 0.540). However, post-chemotherapy life-threatening hemorrhage occurred in five of the 32 patients (15.6%) in the localized stage group: four in the chemotherapy-alone group, and one in the combination therapy group, all of whom had failed to achieve complete response. Conclusion: The clinical outcome of localized PGL treated by chemotherapy alone is similar to that treated by surgery followed by chemotherapy in terms of tumor response, disease-free survival and overall survival, suggesting that surgery be reserved for those with residual tumors after chemotherapy.