Qualitative feed restriction on productive performance and lipid metabolism in broiler chickens Restrição alimentar qualitativa sobre o desempenho produtivo e o metabolismo lipídico em frango de corte

A trial was carried out to evaluate the effect of qualitative restriction at different rearing phases on liver fatness and plasma triglycerides without impairing the productive performance of broiler chickens. One hundred and seventy-six male chicks were randomly assigned to four treatments and rear...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: S. Cornejo, A.C. Gadelha, J. Pokniak, G. Villouta
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais 2007-12-01
Series:Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia
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Online Access:http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352007000600031
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Summary:A trial was carried out to evaluate the effect of qualitative restriction at different rearing phases on liver fatness and plasma triglycerides without impairing the productive performance of broiler chickens. One hundred and seventy-six male chicks were randomly assigned to four treatments and reared in battery brooders (16 pens with 11 birds each) from 1 to 49-day-old. In the control group, chicks were fed a starter diet (1 to 28-day-old) with 3,300kcal ME/kg of diet and 22.5% CP; grower diet (29 to 42-day-old) 3,300kcal ME/kg of diet and 18.2% CP; and the finisher diet (43 to 49-day-old) 3,300kcal ME/kg and 18.2% CP. Three restrict groups were fed a low 2,800kcal ME/kg of diet and 24% CP from 7 to 14-day-old (treatment 1); from 7 to 21-day-old (treatment 2); and from 22 to 35-day-old (treatment 3). All treatments were fed control diet before and after the feed restriction period. Feed intake was not affected during the feed restriction period; nevertheless, weight gain was lower (P<0.05) for chicks fed restricted diet from 7 to 21 and from 21 to 35-day-old. At the end of each restriction period, scores of liver for fatty infiltration were higher in restricted birds compared to control birds, although no changes were detected in plasma triglyceride levels. On the 49th day of age, less intracellular fatty infiltration was observed in the liver of previously restricted birds compared to control birds, and weight gain was also lower in the restricted groups. Moreover, triglyceride plasma levels were similar among treatments, but decreased in 12-hour-fasted broilers compared to non-fasted birds. The low energy:protein ratio diet affected weight gain and fatty infiltration in the liver, but had no effect on plasma levels of triglycerides.<br>Aplicou-se restrição alimentar qualitativa em frangos de corte, em diferentes fases do crescimento, para reduzir a infiltração gordurosa do fígado e os triglicerídeos plasmáticos, sem influir nas respostas produtivas. Distribuíram-se aleatoriamente 176 pintos machos em quatro tratamentos. As aves foram alojados em baterias (16 gaiolas com 11 aves cada) e foram criados de 1 a 49 dias de idade. No grupo controle as aves foram alimentadas com dieta inicial (1-28 dias) com 3.300kcal EM/kg/dieta e 22,5% de proteína bruta (PB; dieta de crescimento (29-42 dias) com 3.300kcal EM/kg/dieta e 20,9% de PB; dieta de acabamento (43-49 dias de idade) 3.300kcal EM/kg/dieta e 18,2% de PB. As aves nos três grupos sob restrição foram alimentadas com dieta com 2.800kcal de EM/kg/dieta e 24% de PB de 7 aos 14 dias de idade (tratamento 2), de 7 aos 21 dias de idade (tratamento 2) e de 22 aos 35 dias de idade (tratamento 3). Todas as aves dos tratamentos sob restrição foram alimentadas com a dieta controle antes e depois do período de restrição alimentar. Ao final de cada período de restrição foi observada uma maior infiltração gordurosa no fígado (representado pela composição química e escore histológico). Também não houve diferenças entre os triglicerídeos plasmáticos, quando comparado com o controle. Aos 49 dias de idade, o ganho de peso total e a infiltração gordurosa no fígado, foram menores nos grupos restritos. Os níveis de triglicérides plasmáticos, entretanto, foram semelhantes entre os tratamentos, mas reduziram nas aves com aplicação de jejum de 12 horas, quando comparados com aves sem jejum. A baixa relação energia/proteína da dieta afetou o ganho de peso e a infiltração gordurosa no fígado, mas não alterou os valores de triglicérides plasmáticos.
ISSN:0102-0935
1678-4162