Focus of Ongoing Onchocerciasis Transmission Close to Bangui, Central African Republic

• Main Authors: Eric de Smet, Salvatore Metanmo, Pascal Mbelesso, Benoit Kemata, Joseph N. Siewe Fodjo, Farid Boumédiène, Hilda T. Ekwoge, Emmanuel Yangatimbi, Daniel Ajzenberg, Orphee Badibanga, Pierre-Marie Preux, Robert Colebunders
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2020-04-01
• Series: Pathogens
• Subjects: Onchocerciasis; epilepsy; Ov16 seroprevalence; children; Central African Republic
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/9/5/337

Recently, there were anecdotal reports of a high number of persons with epilepsy, including children with nodding seizures in the Landja Mboko area located about 9 km from the capital city Bangui, Central African Republic. We suspected the area to be endemic for onchocerciasis, and that the alleged increase in the number of epilepsy cases was due to ongoing <i>Onchocerca volvulus</i> transmission. However, ivermectin mass drug distribution (MDA) had never been implemented in the area. Therefore we performed an Ov16 antibody prevalence study among children, aged 6–9 years, using the biplex rapid diagnostic test (SD Bioline Oncho/LF biplex IgG4 RDT). The overall Ov16 seroprevalence was 8.9%, and that of lymphatic filariasis (LF) was 1.9%. Ov16 seropositivity was highest in Kodjo (20.0%), a village close to rapids on the river. Our study shows that there is ongoing <i>O. volvulus</i> transmission in the Landja Mboko area. We recommend that the extent of this onchocerciasis focus should be mapped, and the introduction of ivermectin MDA should be considered in these communities.