Assessment of the prognostic cancer risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

• Main Authors: T.S. Vatseba, L.K. Sokolova, N.M. Koshel
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Publishing House Zaslavsky 2021-03-01
• Series: Mìžnarodnij Endokrinologìčnij Žurnal
• Subjects: type 2 diabetes mellitus, assessment of the predicted risk of cancer
• Online Access: http://iej.zaslavsky.com.ua/article/view/226437

Background. The epidemiological analysis has shown an increased risk of cancer of the mammalian gland (MG), ute­rine body, and pancreas in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The different clinical characteristics and features of the course of DM, and schemes of treatment of patients with these types of oncological diseases (OD) were identified. The purpose of the study was to create a model of mathematical calculation and assessment of the predicted risk of cancer of MG, uterine body, pancreatic and colorectal cancer (CRC) in patients with T2DM, given the importance of diabetes-associated factors of oncogenesis. Materials and methods. The study included an analysis of medical records of patients with T2DM with first diagnosed OD during 2012–2016. The statistical analysis of the results was performed in the program Statistica 12.0 (StatSoft Inc., USA). The differences between indicators were determined by Student’s t-test, considered significant at p < 0.05. The method of multi-factor analysis and the logistic regression equation was used to calculate the coefficient of prognostic risk of the OD. Results. It was found that cancer of MG and the uterine body was most often diagnosed in people at the age of 60–70 years, with obesity, duration of DM more than 5 years, with HbA1c level > 7.5 %, on combination therapy with drugs without influence on the insulin synthesis with stimulators of insulin production. Patients with CRC had the same characteristics, without gender diffe­rences. Pancreatic cancer was most often diagnosed in patients aged 60–70 years, without obesity, with a duration of DM up to 5 years, with HbA1c > 7.5 %, on monotherapy with insulin or sulfonylureas, without gender differences. The created model for calculating the coefficient of the prognostic risk of MG and uterine body cancer is characterized by high prognostic power (accuracy 76.24 %), good prognostic power for cancer of the pancreas (accuracy 75.0 %), and CRC (accuracy 72.2 %). Conclusions. Correction of dysmetabolic disorders is a method of prevention of OD in patients with T2DM. The calculation of the predicted cancer risk will contribute to the prevention of malignant neoplasms in patients with T2DM.