Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of <i>Nilaparvata lugens</i> microRNAs during Challenge with the Entomopathogenic Fungus <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i>

The resistance of the notorious rice pest <i>Nilaparvata lugens</i> to many insecticides has caused significant concerns. Our previous study demonstrated that the fungus <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i> CQMa421 shows great potential for the control of this pest, but the interact...

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Main Authors: Jiaqin Xie, Yifan Peng, Yuxian Xia
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-04-01
Series:Journal of Fungi
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/4/295
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spelling doaj-fbd9e315548a4657b4304caab59ecf942021-04-14T23:04:31ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2021-04-01729529510.3390/jof7040295Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of <i>Nilaparvata lugens</i> microRNAs during Challenge with the Entomopathogenic Fungus <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i>Jiaqin Xie0Yifan Peng1Yuxian Xia2Genetic Engineering Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, ChinaGenetic Engineering Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, ChinaGenetic Engineering Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, ChinaThe resistance of the notorious rice pest <i>Nilaparvata lugens</i> to many insecticides has caused significant concerns. Our previous study demonstrated that the fungus <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i> CQMa421 shows great potential for the control of this pest, but the interactions between them are still unclear. Thus, we further investigated fungal infection-related microRNAs (miRNAs) in <i>N. lugens</i> during <i>M. anisopliae</i> CQMa421 challenge using Illumina sequencing. In this study, we constructed twenty-four small RNA libraries over different time courses (i.e., 4 h, 8 h, 16 h, and 24 h). A total of 478.62 M clean reads were collected, with each sample producing more than 13.37 M reads, after the removal of low-quality reads. We identified 2324 miRNAs and their 11,076 target genes within the twenty-four libraries by bioinformatics analysis. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs), including 58 (32 upregulated vs. 26 downregulated), 62 (30 upregulated vs. 32 downregulated), 126 (71 upregulated vs. 55 downregulated), and 109 (40 upregulated vs. 69 downregulated) DEmiRNAs were identified at 4 h, 8 h, 16 h, and 24 h post-infection, respectively. We further conducted Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis to predict the functions of all target genes of DEmiRNAs. These DEmiRNAs targets identified during 24 h of infection were primarily involved in energy metabolism, lysine degradation, the FoxO signaling pathway, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, the mRNA surveillance pathway, and the MAPK signaling pathway. Taken together, our results provide essential information for further study of the interactions between the entomopathogenic fungus <i>M. anisopliae</i> and <i>N. lugens</i> at the posttranscriptional level.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/4/295entomopathogenic fungus<i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i>fungal infection<i>Nilaparvata lugens</i>microRNAspest control
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Jiaqin Xie
Yifan Peng
Yuxian Xia
spellingShingle Jiaqin Xie
Yifan Peng
Yuxian Xia
Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of <i>Nilaparvata lugens</i> microRNAs during Challenge with the Entomopathogenic Fungus <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i>
Journal of Fungi
entomopathogenic fungus
<i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i>
fungal infection
<i>Nilaparvata lugens</i>
microRNAs
pest control
author_facet Jiaqin Xie
Yifan Peng
Yuxian Xia
author_sort Jiaqin Xie
title Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of <i>Nilaparvata lugens</i> microRNAs during Challenge with the Entomopathogenic Fungus <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i>
title_short Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of <i>Nilaparvata lugens</i> microRNAs during Challenge with the Entomopathogenic Fungus <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i>
title_full Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of <i>Nilaparvata lugens</i> microRNAs during Challenge with the Entomopathogenic Fungus <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i>
title_fullStr Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of <i>Nilaparvata lugens</i> microRNAs during Challenge with the Entomopathogenic Fungus <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i>
title_full_unstemmed Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of <i>Nilaparvata lugens</i> microRNAs during Challenge with the Entomopathogenic Fungus <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i>
title_sort genome-wide identification and analysis of <i>nilaparvata lugens</i> micrornas during challenge with the entomopathogenic fungus <i>metarhizium anisopliae</i>
publisher MDPI AG
series Journal of Fungi
issn 2309-608X
publishDate 2021-04-01
description The resistance of the notorious rice pest <i>Nilaparvata lugens</i> to many insecticides has caused significant concerns. Our previous study demonstrated that the fungus <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i> CQMa421 shows great potential for the control of this pest, but the interactions between them are still unclear. Thus, we further investigated fungal infection-related microRNAs (miRNAs) in <i>N. lugens</i> during <i>M. anisopliae</i> CQMa421 challenge using Illumina sequencing. In this study, we constructed twenty-four small RNA libraries over different time courses (i.e., 4 h, 8 h, 16 h, and 24 h). A total of 478.62 M clean reads were collected, with each sample producing more than 13.37 M reads, after the removal of low-quality reads. We identified 2324 miRNAs and their 11,076 target genes within the twenty-four libraries by bioinformatics analysis. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs), including 58 (32 upregulated vs. 26 downregulated), 62 (30 upregulated vs. 32 downregulated), 126 (71 upregulated vs. 55 downregulated), and 109 (40 upregulated vs. 69 downregulated) DEmiRNAs were identified at 4 h, 8 h, 16 h, and 24 h post-infection, respectively. We further conducted Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis to predict the functions of all target genes of DEmiRNAs. These DEmiRNAs targets identified during 24 h of infection were primarily involved in energy metabolism, lysine degradation, the FoxO signaling pathway, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, the mRNA surveillance pathway, and the MAPK signaling pathway. Taken together, our results provide essential information for further study of the interactions between the entomopathogenic fungus <i>M. anisopliae</i> and <i>N. lugens</i> at the posttranscriptional level.
topic entomopathogenic fungus
<i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i>
fungal infection
<i>Nilaparvata lugens</i>
microRNAs
pest control
url https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/4/295
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