| Summary: | Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) originated in Wuhan,
China in December 2019 and rapidly spread worldwide. Herein, we conducted a
systematic review and meta-analysis to find the association between COVID-19
and cardiovascular complications.
We conducted a systematic literature search of the PubMed and
Embase databases from 01 December 2019 to 30 November 2020. We then statistically
analyzed the incidence of cardiovascular complications in COVID-19 patients.
We included 3044 confirmed COVID-19 cases from 12 studies. The
most common cardiovascular complications in COVID-19 patients were myocardial
injury (21.2%, 95% CI 12.3-30.0%) and arrhythmia (15.3%, 95% CI 8.4-22.3%),
followed by heart failure (14.4%, 95% CI 5.7-23.1%) and acute coronary
syndrome (1.0%, 95% CI 0.5-1.5%). The pooled incidence of heart failure,
arrhythmia and myocardial injury in non-survivors were 47.8% (95% CI
41.4-54.2%), 40.3% (95% CI 1.6-78.9%) and 61.7% (95% CI 46.8-76.6%),
respectively. Also, the data separately showed significantly higher incidence of
heart failure and cardiac injury in non-survivors (relative risks = 5.13, 95% CI
2.46-10.7, Z = 4.36, P = 0.017) and (relative risks = 6.91, 95% CI 3.19-14.95, Z = 4.91,
P = 0.009).
Myocardial injury and arrhythmia were the most common
complications in COVID-19 patients. Myocardial injury and heart failure were more
common in patients who died, regardless of a history of cardiovascular disease.
The incidence of heart failure and myocardial injury were higher in non-survivors
compared to the survivors. Accordingly, in addition to basic support, cardiac
reactions of patients with confirmed COVID-19 with or without underlying
cardiovascular diseases should be closely monitored.
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