First Insights into the Intrapuparial Development of <i>Bactrocera dorsalis</i> (Hendel): Application in Predicting Emergence Time for Tephritid Fly Control

First Insights into the Intrapuparial Development of <i>Bactrocera dorsalis</i> (Hendel): Application in Predicting Emergence Time for Tephritid Fly Control

Intrapuparial development is a special pattern of metamorphosis in cyclorrhaphous flies, in which the pupa forms in an opaque, barrel-like puparium. This has been well studied in forensic insects for age estimations. In this study, the intrapuparial development of a quarantine agricultural pest, <...

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Main Authors: Tian-Xing Jing, Ying-Xin Zhang, Wei Dou, Xin-Yi Jiang, Jin-Jun Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2019-09-01
Series:Insects
Subjects:
<i>Bactrocera dorsalis</i>
emergence time
intrapuparial development
pest control
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/10/9/283
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spelling doaj-fb10692cfbcc4a1a93e116058cc1aadb2020-11-24T20:52:50ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502019-09-0110928310.3390/insects10090283insects10090283First Insights into the Intrapuparial Development of <i>Bactrocera dorsalis</i> (Hendel): Application in Predicting Emergence Time for Tephritid Fly ControlTian-Xing Jing0Ying-Xin Zhang1Wei Dou2Xin-Yi Jiang3Jin-Jun Wang4Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, ChinaKey Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, ChinaKey Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, ChinaKey Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, ChinaKey Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, ChinaIntrapuparial development is a special pattern of metamorphosis in cyclorrhaphous flies, in which the pupa forms in an opaque, barrel-like puparium. This has been well studied in forensic insects for age estimations. In this study, the intrapuparial development of a quarantine agricultural pest, <i>Bactrocera dorsalis</i> (Hendel), was studied under a constant temperature of 27 &#177; 1 &#176;C and 70 &#177; 5% relative humidity. Results showed that intrapuparial development could be divided into five stages: Larval-pupal apolysis, cryptocephalic pupa, phanerocephalic pupa, pharate adult, and emergent adult. It lays a morphology-based foundation for molecular mechanism studies and enhances the understanding of the physiological basis for changes in intrapuparial development. More importantly, the chronology of intrapuparial development can be used to predict the emergence time of tephritid flies, indicating when to spray insecticides to control these phytophagous agricultural pests. This may be an effective approach to reduce the use of insecticides and slow down the evolution of insecticidal resistance.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/10/9/283<i>Bactrocera dorsalis</i>emergence timeintrapuparial developmentpest control
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Tian-Xing Jing
Ying-Xin Zhang
Wei Dou
Xin-Yi Jiang
Jin-Jun Wang
spellingShingle Tian-Xing Jing
Ying-Xin Zhang
Wei Dou
Xin-Yi Jiang
Jin-Jun Wang
First Insights into the Intrapuparial Development of <i>Bactrocera dorsalis</i> (Hendel): Application in Predicting Emergence Time for Tephritid Fly Control
Insects
<i>Bactrocera dorsalis</i>
emergence time
intrapuparial development
pest control
author_facet Tian-Xing Jing
Ying-Xin Zhang
Wei Dou
Xin-Yi Jiang
Jin-Jun Wang
author_sort Tian-Xing Jing
title First Insights into the Intrapuparial Development of <i>Bactrocera dorsalis</i> (Hendel): Application in Predicting Emergence Time for Tephritid Fly Control
title_short First Insights into the Intrapuparial Development of <i>Bactrocera dorsalis</i> (Hendel): Application in Predicting Emergence Time for Tephritid Fly Control
title_full First Insights into the Intrapuparial Development of <i>Bactrocera dorsalis</i> (Hendel): Application in Predicting Emergence Time for Tephritid Fly Control
title_fullStr First Insights into the Intrapuparial Development of <i>Bactrocera dorsalis</i> (Hendel): Application in Predicting Emergence Time for Tephritid Fly Control
title_full_unstemmed First Insights into the Intrapuparial Development of <i>Bactrocera dorsalis</i> (Hendel): Application in Predicting Emergence Time for Tephritid Fly Control
title_sort first insights into the intrapuparial development of <i>bactrocera dorsalis</i> (hendel): application in predicting emergence time for tephritid fly control
publisher MDPI AG
series Insects
issn 2075-4450
publishDate 2019-09-01
description Intrapuparial development is a special pattern of metamorphosis in cyclorrhaphous flies, in which the pupa forms in an opaque, barrel-like puparium. This has been well studied in forensic insects for age estimations. In this study, the intrapuparial development of a quarantine agricultural pest, <i>Bactrocera dorsalis</i> (Hendel), was studied under a constant temperature of 27 &#177; 1 &#176;C and 70 &#177; 5% relative humidity. Results showed that intrapuparial development could be divided into five stages: Larval-pupal apolysis, cryptocephalic pupa, phanerocephalic pupa, pharate adult, and emergent adult. It lays a morphology-based foundation for molecular mechanism studies and enhances the understanding of the physiological basis for changes in intrapuparial development. More importantly, the chronology of intrapuparial development can be used to predict the emergence time of tephritid flies, indicating when to spray insecticides to control these phytophagous agricultural pests. This may be an effective approach to reduce the use of insecticides and slow down the evolution of insecticidal resistance.
topic <i>Bactrocera dorsalis</i>
emergence time
intrapuparial development
pest control
url https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/10/9/283
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