| Summary: | Th17 and regulatory T (Treg) cells are two new subsets of T cells. An increasing number of evidences suggest that Th17/Treg balance plays a vital role in maintenance of immune homeostasis. The present study aims to investigate the immunomodulatory effect of Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide (PSG-1) on Th17/Treg balance. In vitro study found that PSG-1 could inhibit Th17 and Treg cell differentiation from spleen under Th17- and Treg-polarizing condition, respectively. In vivo study showed that PSG-1 could increase the Th17 cell-specific cytokines (IL-17A, IL-6) production, the transcription factors (STAT3, RORγt) expression and STAT3 phosphorylation in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice. Moreover, the expression of Treg cell-specific cytokines (TGF-β1, IL-10) and the transcription factor Foxp3 were also improved. Furthermore, PSG-1 increased the proportions of Th17 cells and Treg cells, and restored the ratio of Th17/Treg cells. In summary, this study demonstrated that PSG-1 possesses immunomodulatory activity on Th17/Treg balance.
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