Anti Tuberculosis Activity of Forest Kedondong (Spondias pinnata) Stembark Extract Against Multiple Drug Resistance (MDR) Strain of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

• Main Authors: Ida Bagus Putra Dwija, Mita Anggraeni, Ni Putu Ariantari
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: DiscoverSys 2016-04-01
• Series: Bali Medical Journal
• Subjects: kedondong stembark, chloroform extract, ethanol extract, mycobacterium tuberculosis, anti tuberculosis.
• Online Access: https://balimedicaljournal.org/index.php/bmj/article/view/190

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Forest Kedondong (<em>Spondias pinnata</em>) traditionally known as “<em>loloh cemcem</em>” and commonly used as a chronic cough remedy. Previous research showed that methanol extract of Forest Kedondong leaves active against MDR strain of <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em>. The aim of this study were to determine the phytochemical constituent and anti tuberculosis activity of stem bark extract of this plant against MDR strain of <em>M. tuberculosis</em>. <strong>Method:</strong> Coarsely powder of Forest Kedondong stem bark was extracted successively with n-hexane, chloroform and 80% ethanol. Anti tuberculosis assay of chloroform and ethanol extract was conducted using proportion method with Lowenstein-Jensen medium within 3 different concentration of extract of 1, 10, and 100 mg/mL. Activity was evaluated by inhibition of extract against <em>M. tuberculosis </em>growth, which was calculated by mean reduction in number of colonies on extract containing medium compared to control. <strong>Results and Discussion:</strong> Phytochemical test showed that chloroform extract contains terpenoid and flavonoids. Ethanol extract contains terpenoid, polyphenols and flavonoids. These extracts were active against MDR strain of <em>M. tuberculosis</em> with 100% inhibition at concentration of 100 mg/mL. Chloroform extract has higher inhibition against <em>M. tuberculosis</em> growth than Ethanol extract. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> These extracts were potentially developed to an anti tuberculosis constituent from natural product.</p>