| Summary: | Background: The resources involved in delivering a clinical trial in residential aged care facilities (RACFs) are significant and the success of a trial is dependent upon adequate planning, including appropriate timelines for each component of the study and the required budget. This paper describes process and resource assessment during recruitment, collection of outcome measures and intervention delivery, and presents learnings and considerations for conducting trials in RACFs with people living with dementia. Methods: Data were collected across 24 clusters in 12 RACFs over 18 months during a cluster randomised controlled trial which was testing the effectiveness of music interventions in people living with dementia. Data were collected on resources required for recruitment and assessment of baseline data, as well as reasons for participant non-attendance at the interventions. Results: Time between contacting next of kin and receiving formal consent often exceeded 45 days. The ratio of time between direct and indirect research activity was approximately 1:2. Participant intervention adherence is at risk from unplanned RACF lockdowns and reasons for non-attendance include those both related directly to the participant and to staff resources, scheduling or other practical considerations. Conclusions: Research planning should focus on building relationships with RACF staff and resident families, factor in adequate time for recruitment in the study timeline and consider budgeting for backfill of RACF staff during data collection phases to expedite the process and ensure adherence to study protocol timelines. Trial registration Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry: ANZCTR12618000156280, 1/02/2018, http://anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?ACTRN=12618000156280: A
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