AI-Based Multi Sensor Fusion for Smart Decision Making: A Bi-Functional System for Single Sensor Evaluation in a Classification Task

• Main Authors: Feryel Zoghlami, Marika Kaden, Thomas Villmann, Germar Schneider, Harald Heinrich
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2021-06-01
• Series: Sensors
• Subjects: sensor fusion; sensor evaluation; prototype-based learning; classification; artificial intelligence
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/13/4405

Sensor fusion has gained a great deal of attention in recent years. It is used as an application tool in many different fields, especially the semiconductor, automotive, and medical industries. However, this field of research, regardless of the field of application, still presents different challenges concerning the choice of the sensors to be combined and the fusion architecture to be developed. To decrease application costs and engineering efforts, it is very important to analyze the sensors’ data beforehand once the application target is defined. This pre-analysis is a basic step to establish a working environment with fewer misclassification cases and high safety. One promising approach to do so is to analyze the system using deep neural networks. The disadvantages of this approach are mainly the required huge storage capacity, the big training effort, and that these networks are difficult to interpret. In this paper, we focus on developing a smart and interpretable bi-functional artificial intelligence (AI) system, which has to discriminate the combined data regarding predefined classes. Furthermore, the system can evaluate the single source signals used in the classification task. The evaluation here covers each sensor contribution and robustness. More precisely, we train a smart and interpretable prototype-based neural network, which learns automatically to weight the influence of the sensors for the classification decision. Moreover, the prototype-based classifier is equipped with a reject option to measure classification certainty. To validate our approach’s efficiency, we refer to different industrial sensor fusion applications.