The Potential of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn in Inducing Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 via SGLT-1 and GLPR in DM Rats

• Main Authors: Neng Tine Kartinah, Fadilah Fadilah, Ermita Ilyas Ibrahim, Yuliana Suryati
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hindawi Limited 2019-01-01
• Series: BioMed Research International
• Online Access: http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8724824
• ISSN: 2314-6133; 2314-6141

Background. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) hormone is an incretin hormone that is secreted in the ileum and plays a role in the pancreas to increase insulin secretion, stimulate proliferation, and prevent pancreatic β-cell apoptosis. Currently, diabetes mellitus (DM) treatment based on GLP-1 work is being developed, for instance, from herbal plants such as Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn (H. sabdariffa). Therefore, this study aims to determine the potential of H. sabdariffa in GLP-1 secretion in the ileum and its action in pancreatic β-cells. In addition, this study also aims to determine the active ingredients of H. sabdariffa (Hib) that interact with sodium-glucose cotransporter-1 (SGLT-1) so that it can increase GLP-1 secretion in the ileum and interact with GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1R) in the pancreas. Method. This experimental study used 24 experimental animals of Sprague–Dawley type (aged 8–10 weeks, weight 200–250 g) that were divided into 6 groups, namely, (i) normal (C), (ii) normal-Hib 200 (C-Hib200), (iii) normal-Hib 500 (C-Hib500), (iv) DM (C-DM), (v) DM-Hib200, and (vi) DM-Hib500. H. sabdariffa extract was given orally once a day for 5 weeks. Testing of GLP-1 levels in the ileum and pancreatic tissue was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The prediction of the interaction mechanism of the active substance H. sabdariffa against GLP-1 was done using molecular docking. Results. There was a decrease in GLP-1 levels in the ileum of DM rats (p<0.05). However, DM rats administered H. sabdariffa 500 mg/kg BW had GLP-1 levels that were the same as in normal rats (p>0.05). This is due to active ingredients such as leucosin, which binds to SGLT-1. Administration of 500 mg/kg BW H. sabdariffa in DM rats resulted in GLP-1 levels in the pancreas that were the same as in normal rats (p>0.05). In addition, the active ingredient of H. sabdariffa, delphinidin, binds to GLPR in the pancreas. Conclusion. The active ingredient of H. sabdariffa can increase GLP-1 secretion in the ileum and can interact with G protein-linked receptors in the pancreas.