| Summary: | <p>Traditionally, the concern of fatal complication is a major obstacle to transfer patients with unfavorable course of Hodgkin’s lymphoma to<br />national transplantation centers. Early mortality after high-dose chemotherapy with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation<br />(HSCT) in the Russia, Ukraine and Belarus was assessed in this retrospective multicenter study.</p><p><br /><strong>Patients and methods.</strong> The study included 372 patients with unfavorable course of Hodgkin’s lymphoma received HSCT between 01.1990<br />and 06.2013: 35.5 % patients with primary resistance, 30.6 % with early relapse, 33.1 % with late relapse and 0.8 % during consolidation of<br />first complete remission.</p><p><br /><strong>Results.</strong> During first 100 days after HSCT died 14 (3.8 %) patients, during first year – 31 (8.4 %) patients. During the study period a significant decrease in the 100-day and 1-year mortality rate was observed (p < 0.0001 for both). Among patients received HSCT in 1990–<br />1995, 1996–2000, 2001–2005 and 2006–2013 the 100-day mortality was 19.4 %, 6.3 %, 1.1 % and 0.6 %, respectively. 1-year mortality for the same intervals was 32.3 %, 14.7 %, 4.5 % and 1.9 %, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions.</strong> Currently HSCT in patients with unfavorable course of Hodgkin's lymphoma in national transplant centers, accompanied by an extremely low risk of fatal toxicity.</p>
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