Protoide &scaron;aknis *leh₃u &ndash; "lietis, tekėti..." baltų kalbose (liet. <em>liūtìs</em> ir <em>liet&ugrave;s</em>)<em>_{<br />}</em>

• Main Author: Simas Karaliūnas
• Format: Article
• Language: deu
• Published: Vilnius University 2011-10-01
• Series: Baltistica
• Subjects: liūtis; lietus; baltų kalbos; etimologija
• Online Access: http://www.baltistica.lt/index.php/baltistica/article/view/193

<p><strong>THE PROTOIDE. </strong><strong>ROOT </strong><strong><em>*leh₃u- </em></strong><strong>&ldquo;flow, stream, pour...&rdquo; IN BALTIC (LITH. </strong><strong><em>liūtìs </em></strong><strong>&ldquo;heavy shower, downpour&rdquo; AND </strong><strong><em>lietùs </em></strong><strong>&ldquo;rain&rdquo;)</strong></p> <p><em>Summary</em></p> <p>The relationship of Lith. <em>liū́tis/liūtìs </em>&ldquo;heavy shower, downpour&rdquo; and <em>liet&ugrave;s </em>&ldquo;rain&rdquo;, as has been suggested by P. Skardžius, may be understood only in the Protoindoeuropean prospect. Hit. <em>lahui </em>&ldquo;it flows, streams, pours...&rdquo;, Gr. <em>&lambda;o&upsilon;́&epsilon;&iota; </em>&ldquo;he bathes, washes&rdquo; and Lat. <em>lavit </em>&ldquo;id.&rdquo; seem to have the apophonic <em>o </em>and their protoform should be reconstructed as <em>*leh₃</em><em>-e/o, </em>as proposed by F. Bader. Its root vocalism e is attested in Mycenaean Gr. <em>re-wo-te-</em><em>re-jo </em>and Lith. <em>liaũkti (-ia) </em>&ldquo;flow, stream&rdquo; &lt;* <em>leu(k)-. </em>Lith. <em>liū́tis/liūtìs </em>with suffix <em>-ti- </em>rests on the allomorph <em>*lh₃</em><em>u- </em>of this protoIE. root, attested, for instance, in Hit. <em>li-lhuu̯ai-</em><em>, le-lhuu̯ai- </em>and possibly in Lat. perfect <em>lāvī, </em>if from <em>*lh₃</em><em>u-ai. </em>A verbal form <em>* (a)pa-</em><em>lh₃</em><em>u- </em>[cf. Lat. <em>ab-luō, </em>Gr. <em>ά&pi;&omicron;-&lambda;&omicron;&upsilon;́&omega;, </em>Hit. <em>appa(n) lahhu-] </em>might have served as a basis for derivatives Lith. <em>pa-liū́tis, pa-liū́tė </em>&ldquo;long and heavy rain, a period of rains&rdquo;. The palatalized <em>l</em>'&lt; *<em>li̯ </em>of <em>liū́tis, </em><em>pa-</em><em>liū́tis </em><em>and </em><em>pa-liū́tė </em>attaches to the vocalism <em>e </em>form * <em>leh₃</em><em>u</em> -&gt;* <em>leu(k)-&gt; *liau(k)-</em>.</p> <p>With respect to their prefixal derivation the lake name Lith. <em>At-lavas </em>and Lat. <em>ab-luvium, dī-luvium </em>etc. &ldquo;effusion, overflow, inundation, deluge&rdquo; may be also compared and their root morpheme <em>*-loui̯o</em>- with the lake name Lith. <em>Lauj&agrave; </em>identified. Due to structural analogy <em>(:* </em><em>leh</em><em>₃</em><em>-u -) </em>there might have existed a parallel form <em>* </em><em>leh</em><em>₃</em><em>-i- </em>conserved in Lith. <em>líeti </em>(praes. <em>l</em><em>í</em><em>eja,</em> <em>lẽja, </em>praet. <em>líejo, </em><em>lė́jo</em>) &rdquo;pour&ldquo; and Latv. <em>liêt </em>(praes. <em>leju, </em>praet. <em>l</em><em>ê</em><em>ju) </em>&ldquo;id.&rdquo;, from which Lith. <em>lietús </em>&ldquo;rain&rdquo;, Latv. <em>li</em><em>ê</em><em>tus </em>&ldquo;id.&rdquo; are derived with suffix <em>-tu-.</em></p>