Previous Humoral Immunity to the Endemic Seasonal Alphacoronaviruses NL63 and 229E Is Associated with Worse Clinical Outcome in COVID-19 and Suggests Original Antigenic Sin

Previous Humoral Immunity to the Endemic Seasonal Alphacoronaviruses NL63 and 229E Is Associated with Worse Clinical Outcome in COVID-19 and Suggests Original Antigenic Sin

Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) infection has been hypothesized. However, to date, there has been no in vitro or in vivo evidence supporting this. Cross-reactivity exists between SARS CoV-2 and other <i>Coronaviridae</i>...

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Main Authors: Daniele Focosi, Angelo Genoni, Ersilia Lucenteforte, Silvia Tillati, Antonio Tamborini, Pietro Giorgio Spezia, Lorenzo Azzi, Andreina Baj, Fabrizio Maggi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-04-01
Series:Life
Subjects:
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
convalescent plasma
neutralizing antibody
NL63
229E
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/4/298
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spelling doaj-f5d5e6ee2ea544a8ae3693ea8ca7cdec2021-04-01T23:00:38ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292021-04-011129829810.3390/life11040298Previous Humoral Immunity to the Endemic Seasonal Alphacoronaviruses NL63 and 229E Is Associated with Worse Clinical Outcome in COVID-19 and Suggests Original Antigenic SinDaniele Focosi0Angelo Genoni1Ersilia Lucenteforte2Silvia Tillati3Antonio Tamborini4Pietro Giorgio Spezia5Lorenzo Azzi6Andreina Baj7Fabrizio Maggi8North-Western Tuscany Blood Bank, Pisa University Hospital, 56124 Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, ItalyLaboratory of Microbiology, ASST Sette Laghi, 21100 Varese, ItalyDepartment of Translational Research, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, ItalyDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, ItalyDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, ItalyAntibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) infection has been hypothesized. However, to date, there has been no in vitro or in vivo evidence supporting this. Cross-reactivity exists between SARS CoV-2 and other <i>Coronaviridae</i> for both cellular and humoral immunity. We show here that IgG against nucleocapsid protein of alphacoronavirus NL63 and 229E correlate with the World Health Organization’s (WHO) clinical severity score ≥ 5 (incidence rate ratios was 1.87 and 1.80, respectively, and 1.94 for the combination). These laboratory findings suggest possible ADE of SARS CoV-2 infection by previous alphacoronavirus immunity.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/4/298COVID-19SARS-CoV-2convalescent plasmaneutralizing antibodyNL63229E
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Daniele Focosi
Angelo Genoni
Ersilia Lucenteforte
Silvia Tillati
Antonio Tamborini
Pietro Giorgio Spezia
Lorenzo Azzi
Andreina Baj
Fabrizio Maggi
spellingShingle Daniele Focosi
Angelo Genoni
Ersilia Lucenteforte
Silvia Tillati
Antonio Tamborini
Pietro Giorgio Spezia
Lorenzo Azzi
Andreina Baj
Fabrizio Maggi
Previous Humoral Immunity to the Endemic Seasonal Alphacoronaviruses NL63 and 229E Is Associated with Worse Clinical Outcome in COVID-19 and Suggests Original Antigenic Sin
Life
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
convalescent plasma
neutralizing antibody
NL63
229E
author_facet Daniele Focosi
Angelo Genoni
Ersilia Lucenteforte
Silvia Tillati
Antonio Tamborini
Pietro Giorgio Spezia
Lorenzo Azzi
Andreina Baj
Fabrizio Maggi
author_sort Daniele Focosi
title Previous Humoral Immunity to the Endemic Seasonal Alphacoronaviruses NL63 and 229E Is Associated with Worse Clinical Outcome in COVID-19 and Suggests Original Antigenic Sin
title_short Previous Humoral Immunity to the Endemic Seasonal Alphacoronaviruses NL63 and 229E Is Associated with Worse Clinical Outcome in COVID-19 and Suggests Original Antigenic Sin
title_full Previous Humoral Immunity to the Endemic Seasonal Alphacoronaviruses NL63 and 229E Is Associated with Worse Clinical Outcome in COVID-19 and Suggests Original Antigenic Sin
title_fullStr Previous Humoral Immunity to the Endemic Seasonal Alphacoronaviruses NL63 and 229E Is Associated with Worse Clinical Outcome in COVID-19 and Suggests Original Antigenic Sin
title_full_unstemmed Previous Humoral Immunity to the Endemic Seasonal Alphacoronaviruses NL63 and 229E Is Associated with Worse Clinical Outcome in COVID-19 and Suggests Original Antigenic Sin
title_sort previous humoral immunity to the endemic seasonal alphacoronaviruses nl63 and 229e is associated with worse clinical outcome in covid-19 and suggests original antigenic sin
publisher MDPI AG
series Life
issn 2075-1729
publishDate 2021-04-01
description Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) infection has been hypothesized. However, to date, there has been no in vitro or in vivo evidence supporting this. Cross-reactivity exists between SARS CoV-2 and other <i>Coronaviridae</i> for both cellular and humoral immunity. We show here that IgG against nucleocapsid protein of alphacoronavirus NL63 and 229E correlate with the World Health Organization’s (WHO) clinical severity score ≥ 5 (incidence rate ratios was 1.87 and 1.80, respectively, and 1.94 for the combination). These laboratory findings suggest possible ADE of SARS CoV-2 infection by previous alphacoronavirus immunity.
topic COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
convalescent plasma
neutralizing antibody
NL63
229E
url https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/4/298
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AT angelogenoni previoushumoralimmunitytotheendemicseasonalalphacoronavirusesnl63and229eisassociatedwithworseclinicaloutcomeincovid19andsuggestsoriginalantigenicsin
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AT antoniotamborini previoushumoralimmunitytotheendemicseasonalalphacoronavirusesnl63and229eisassociatedwithworseclinicaloutcomeincovid19andsuggestsoriginalantigenicsin
AT pietrogiorgiospezia previoushumoralimmunitytotheendemicseasonalalphacoronavirusesnl63and229eisassociatedwithworseclinicaloutcomeincovid19andsuggestsoriginalantigenicsin
AT lorenzoazzi previoushumoralimmunitytotheendemicseasonalalphacoronavirusesnl63and229eisassociatedwithworseclinicaloutcomeincovid19andsuggestsoriginalantigenicsin
AT andreinabaj previoushumoralimmunitytotheendemicseasonalalphacoronavirusesnl63and229eisassociatedwithworseclinicaloutcomeincovid19andsuggestsoriginalantigenicsin
AT fabriziomaggi previoushumoralimmunitytotheendemicseasonalalphacoronavirusesnl63and229eisassociatedwithworseclinicaloutcomeincovid19andsuggestsoriginalantigenicsin
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