Macronutrient intake and association with the risk factors of diabetic complications among people with type 2 diabetes

• Main Authors: Meena Iqbal Farooqi, Palash Chandra Banik, Farzana Saleh, Liaquat Ali, Kulsoom Baqa, Asher Fawwad, Rubina Hakeem, Abdul Basit
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier 2021-04-01
• Series: Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health
• Subjects: Dietary factor; Nutrient; Diabetes; Pakistan
• Online Access: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398420302311

Objective: To assess the intake of macronutrient and proportion of risk factor of diabetic complication among people with type 2 diabetes and to explore their causal relation. Methodology: A retrospective study conducted on retrieved first visit data of 9563 subjects visiting the study center between 2006 and 2014. Macronutrient intake was assessed using 24-hr recall. Standard protocols were used for demographic, anthropometric measurements and biochemical variable. Statistical analysis was performed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20. Result: Out of 9563 subjects, 53.7% were males; mean age, duration of diabetes and body mass index was 51.02 ± 10.99 (yrs), 11.06 ± 8.2 (yrs) and 28.15 ± 5.34 (kg/m2) respectively. Average daily intake of carbohydrate, proteins and fats was 230.6, 68.1 and 66.1 g; and the mean intake of calories was 51.4%, 15.1% and 33.5% respectively. Obesity was found (≥25 kg/m2) 50.6% and overweight (23–24.9 kg/m2) in 34.9%. Women took more calories from fat (p = 0.001), men from protein and carbohydrates (p = 0.001). People>50 years took more fat than <50 (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Prevalence of risk factors is high among the study subjects. The proportion of carbohydrate and fat in total daily calories is higher than usual recommendations for people with diabetes. This may be the reason behind the high prevalence of the risk factors. Further large-scale studies are needed to validate our findings.