Production de Pennisetum sp. et son utilisation pour la culture de Pleurotus ostreatus au Burundi

• Main Authors: Prosper Kiyuku, Samuel Bigawa
• Format: Article
• Language: fra
• Published: Éditions en environnement VertigO 2013-09-01
• Series: VertigO
• Subjects: Pennisetum; Pleurotes; mushrooms; production; Burundi; erosion
• Online Access: http://journals.openedition.org/vertigo/13948

This study dealt with the culture of three cultivars of Pleurotus ostreatus (cultivars 2125, 2153 and 969) out of four clones of Pennisetum sp. (named S1, S2, S3 and S4) produced on a plot of the Faculty of Agriculture at the University of Burundi. After incubation, the substratums were placed in trenches for fruit-bearing. The objective of this study was to determine clones of Pennisetum sp. on which Pleurotus ostreatus was the most productive. Formulated hypotheses aimed to check whether the Pennisetum sp. clone which yield higher productivity, whether there is a correlation between the height of stems and their productivity, the clones of Pennisetum sp. which yield the best productivity Pleurotus ostreatus and the cultivars of pleurotus mushrooms which yield the best productivity on four clones of Pennisetum sp. The results obtained showed that clones S3 and S4 of Pennisetum sp. had a more important average stem and leaf productivity than S1 and S2 clones. Statistical analysis showed that there was no correlation between the height of stems and their productivity for the different clones of Pennisetum sp.. Variance analysis of growth averages of stems showed that there exist significant differences between the height of different clones of Pennisetum sp. A supplementary Duncan test allowed to split up those averages in homogeneous groups A, B and C. S2 clone comes first, S3 and S4 overlap in groups A, B and C whereas S1 occupies group C with the least average. The results of pleurotus mushrooms observed on different clones of Pennisetum sp. showed an average productivity yield ranging between 20.4 and 26.8 % for Pleurotus ostreatus 2153, between 21.6 and 30.0 % for Pleurotus ostreatus 2125 and between 25.1 and 35.6 % for Pleurotus ostreatus 969. For all the clones of Pleurotus ostreatus, the best yield was observed on Pennisetum sp. S3 clones. Physico-chemical analysis of stems of four clones of Pennisetum sp. showed the presence of different organic and mineral elements (phosphorus, calcium, potassium and magnesium), an average content of ashes ranging between 5.27 and 7.72 %, an average in cellulose ranging between 35.7 and 39.2 %, neutral hydrogen potential and a carbon/nitrogen ration higher than 50. This ration indicates the poorness of Pennisetum sp. in nitrogen. As for as the results obtained in this study are concerned, we can deduce that the different varieties of Pennisetum sp. clones S1, S2, S3 and S4 can serve as culture substratum for mushrooms owing to their high or low productivity. This would provide mushroom producers with a supplementary source of substratum even in periods of shortage of other sources of agricultural substratum. We can also deduce that at the environmental level, intensive exploitation of Pennisetum sp. may lead to the protection of cultivated lands from erosion.