Comparative analysis of the activity of cells of innate immunity in patients with benign and malignant thyroid diseases after radioiodine therapy

• Main Authors: T.F. Zakharchenko, S.V. Gulevaty, I.P. Volynets
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Publishing House Zaslavsky 2019-04-01
• Series: Mìžnarodnij Endokrinologìčnij Žurnal
• Subjects: thyrotoxicosis; thyroid cancer; radioiodine therapy; NK-cell activity; metabolic activity of neutrophils
• Online Access: http://iej.zaslavsky.com.ua/article/view/172106
• ISSN: 2224-0721; 2307-1427

Background. The effects of radioiodine therapy (RIT) on the cytotoxic activity of NK cells and the metabolic activity of neutrophils (NPs) were studied in patients with toxic goiter (TG) and differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) over time. Materials and methods. The function of immunological parameters was evaluated in 2 groups of patients. Group A consisted of 30 persons with TG aged 23 to 67 years. They received a course of iodine-131 therapy with activity from 380 to 784 MBq. Group B included 29 patients aged 24 to 65 years after thyroidectomy, who were diagnosed with papillary carcinoma without distant metastases. They received a course of iodine-131 therapy with activity from 3900 to 4720 MBq. The immunological study was performed on the eve of RIT and three times after it: 1 (5 or 6 days), 2 (from 1.5 to 3 months), 3 (from 6 to 7 months). The control groups consisted of donors of the corresponding age and gender. The cytotoxic activity of NK cells against indicator target cells was determined using spectrophotometry. The metabolic activity of NPs was investigated in the standard nitroblue tetrazolium reduction test. Results. It was found that in patients with TG and DTC on the eve of RIT, the activity of NK cells was reduced in both groups, the activity of NPs was increased in persons with TG and decreased in individuals with DTC. In the early periods after RIT, the activity of NK cells in patients with TG significantly increases, while in persons with DTC, this index does not undergo significant changes, the activity of NPs in patients with TG remains high, and in persons with DTC, it increases. In the period from 1.5 to 7 months after RIT, the activity of NK cells in individuals with TG is reduced to the baseline value, and in persons with DTC — remains low, the activity of NPs in patients of both groups decreases. Conclusions. Comparative analysis of the results showed different dynamics of NK cells activity and NPs metabolic activity after RIT in patients with TG and DTC.