Evaluation of Collagen Membranes Coated with Testosterone and Alendronate to Improve Guided Bone Regeneration in Mandibular Bone Defects in Minipigs

• Main Authors: Bart A. J. A. van Oirschot, John A. Jansen, Cindy J. J. M. van de Ven, Edwin J. W. Geven, Jan A. Gossen
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Stilus Optimus 2020-09-01
• Series: eJournal of Oral Maxillofacial Research
• Subjects: bone regeneration; bone substitutes; mandible; surgery; membranes; minipig
• Online Access: https://www.ejomr.org/JOMR/archives/2020/3/e4/v11n3e4ht.htm

Objectives: The purpose of the present in vivo study was to evaluate whether pericard collagen membranes coated with ancillary amounts of testosterone and alendronate in a poly-lactic glycolic acid (PLGA) carrier as compared to uncoated membranes will improve early bone regeneration. Material and Methods: In each of 16 minipigs, four standardized mandibular intraosseous defects were made bilaterally. The defects were filled with Bio-Oss® granules and covered with a non-coated or coated membrane. Membranes were spray-coated with 4 layers of PLGA containing testosterone and alendronate resulting in 20, 50 or 125 μg/cm2 of testosterone and 20 µg/cm2 alendronate (F20, F50, F125). Non-coated membranes served as controls (F0). Animals were sacrificed at 6 and 12 weeks after treatment. Qualitative and quantitative histological evaluations of bone regeneration were performed. Differences between groups were assessed by paired Student's t‐test. Results: Light microscopical analysis showed new bone formation that was in close contact with the Bio-Oss® surface without an intervening non-mineralized tissue layer. Histomorphometric analysis of newly formed bone showed a significant 20% increase in area in the F125 coated membrane treated defects (40 [SD 10]%) compared to the F0 treated defects after 6 weeks (33 [SD 10]%, P = 0.013). At week 12, the total percentage of new bone was increased compared to week 6, but no increase in newly formed bone compared to F0 was observed. Conclusions: The data from this in vivo study indicate that F125 collagen membranes coated with testosterone and alendronate resulted in superior bone formation (+24%) when normalized to control sites using uncoated membranes.