Changes in the activity factor of Jupiter's hemispheres again are periodic

• Main Author: A. P. Vidmachenko
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: National Aviation University 2018-12-01
• Series: Вісник Астрономічної школи
• Subjects: Jupiter; atmosphere; seasonal variations; solar activity
• Online Access: http://astro.nau.edu.ua/issues/2018_V.14_Iss.2/Vidmachenko2.html

The eccentricity of the orbit (e = 0.04845) and the fact that at the summer solstice for the northern hemisphere Jupiter is at perihelion, this part of the atmosphere receives 21% more solar energy than the southern one. The change in the solar energy influx over the solar activity cycle is a fraction of a percent in the visible portion of the spectrum, and tens of percent in the ultraviolet range. The influence of the eccentricity of the orbit on the growth of the influx of solar energy to the northern hemisphere leads to an increase in temperature in the deep layers of the troposphere with a delay of 5–6 years. And at the maximum of solar activity, the flux of solar energy increases significantly only in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum. And this leads to an increase in temperature mainly in the stratosphere with a lag of 1–2 years. Solar activity globally affects the entire planet, and seasonal variations alternately change the optical properties of the northern and southern hemispheres of the planet. Proposed by us the brightness ratio of the northern and southern tropical and temperate regions is a good factor in the photometric activity of the A_J(T) processes in the Jovian atmosphere. In 1962–1995 and 2012–2018 correlation between changes in factor A_J, solar activity and the moments of passage of perihelion and aphelion of the orbit – was high with a correlation coefficient above 0.85. This is due to the synchronization of the change in the influx of solar energy into the hemispheres of the planet due to eccentricity of the orbit and changes in solar activity. In 1995–2012 a violation of periodicity in changes of the ratio A_J was observed. Taking into account the reaction of the hydrogen-helium atmosphere on 5–6 years at the level of visible clouds in the troposphere, and on 1–2 years in the upper troposphere and the lower stratosphere, – in the same years was the maximal discrepancy between the time of passage of Jupiter at orbit through perihelion and aphelion, and by moments of minima and maxima of solar activity. This confirms the existence of seasonal changes in the atmosphere of Jupiter with a period of ∼ 11.87 years.