Enhanced Therapeutic Potential of the Secretome Released from Adipose-Derived Stem Cells by PGC-1α-Driven Upregulation of Mitochondrial Proliferation

• Main Authors: Jaeim Lee, Ok-Hee Kim, Sang Chul Lee, Kee-Hwan Kim, Jin Sun Shin, Ha-Eun Hong, Ho Joong Choi, Say-June Kim
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2019-11-01
• Series: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
• Subjects: adipose-derived stem cell; liver regeneration; reactive oxygen species; peroxisome proliferator activated receptor λ coactivator 1α (pgc-1α); secretome
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/20/22/5589

Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor &#955; coactivator 1&#945; (PGC-1&#945;) is a potent regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and energy metabolism. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of the secretome released from the adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) transfected with PGC-1&#945; (PGC-secretome). We first generated PGC-1&#945;-overexpressing ASCs by transfecting ASCs with the plasmids harboring the gene encoding PGC-1&#945;. Secretory materials released from PGC-1&#945;-overexpressing ASCs were collected and their therapeutic potential was determined using in vitro (thioacetamide (TAA)-treated AML12 cells) and in vivo (70% partial hepatectomized mice) models of liver injury. In the TAA-treated AML12 cells, the PGC-secretome significantly increased cell viability, promoted expression of proliferation-related markers, such as PCNA and p-STAT, and significantly reduced the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the mice, PGC-secretome injections significantly increased liver tissue expression of proliferation-related markers more than normal secretome injections did (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). We demonstrated that the PGC-secretome does not only have higher antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, but also has the potential of significantly enhancing liver regeneration in both in vivo and in vitro models of liver injury. Thus, reinforcing the mitochondrial antioxidant potential by transfecting ASCs with PGC-1&#945; could be one of the effective strategies to enhance the therapeutic potential of ASCs.