The roots of gender bias: misogynist hadiths in pesantrens
Women are regarded as “the second class” by some people in pesantrens. This knowledge has rooted in hadiths cited in the books studied and implemented in many pesantrens. To counteract this tendency, it is therefore important to use a feminist approach to review and criticize the book...
Main Author: | |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
IAIN Salatiga
2015-12-01
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Series: | Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies |
Online Access: | http://ijims.iainsalatiga.ac.id/index.php/ijims/article/view/318 |
Summary: | Women are regarded as “the second class” by some people in pesantrens. This
knowledge has rooted in hadiths cited in the books studied and implemented
in many pesantrens. To counteract this tendency, it is therefore important to
use a feminist approach to review and criticize the books which can also be
used to understand and solve the problems of mis-interpretation of religious
texts. The misogynist hadiths have been widely circulated and taught in pesantren
under the authority of Kyai (male religious clerics) and nyai (female religious
cleric) who have the authority to decide which hadiths are allowed to be
taught and socialized in religious teachings and sermons. This is because many
teachers emphasize the importance of preserving tradition and religious norms
disegarding gender bias. Some feminist activists have tried to reform the mindsets
of pesantren leaders both male and female by changing the authoritarian model
of leadership to a democractic one. To do this, new historical, sociological
and anthropological approaches are required to re-interpret and contextualize
misogynist hadiths.
Perempuan dianggap sebagai warga “kelas dua” dalam beberapa kitab yang
diajarkan di pesantren. Pengetahuan ini memiliki akar yang kuat dalam hadith-
hadith yang dikutip dalam buku-buku yang diajarkan di pesantren. Untuk melawan arus kecenderungan ini, penting untuk menggunakan pendekatan
feminis dengan meninjau kembali dan mengkritik kitab-kitab tersebut.
Pendekatan ini dapat digunakan sebagai cara untuk memahami dan menyelesai-
kan masalah kesalahan tafsir pada teks teks keagamaan. Hadith-hadits misoginis
(membenci perempuan) diajarkan secara luas di pesantren di bawah wewenang
Pak Kyai atau Ibu Nyai yang menentukan kitab-kitab mana yang boleh dan
dilarang di pesantren. Para guru tersebut lebih mementingkan menjaga tradisi
dan norma-norma agama yang seringkali bias jender. Beberapa aktivis feminis
telah mencoba mereformasi pola pikir para pengasuh pesantren baik laki
maupun perempuan dari kepemimpinan yang otoriter ke kepemimpinan yang
demokratis. Untuk itu, pendekatan-pendekatan historis, sosiologis dan
antropologis yang baru diperlukan guna memahami ulang hadith-hadith
misoginis tersebut. |
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ISSN: | 2089-1490 2406-825X |