Coordination Dynamics and Coordination Mechanism of a New Type of Anticoagulant Diethyl Citrate with Ca2+ Ions

Diethyl citrate (Et2Cit) is a new potential anticoagulant. The coordination dynamics and coordination mechanism of Et2Cit with Ca2+ ions and the effect of pH on the complex were examined. The result was compared with that for the conventional anticoagulant sodium citrate (Na3Cit). The reaction order...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jin Han, Jun-Fa Xue, Meng Xu, Bao-Song Gui, Li Kuang, Jian-Ming Ouyang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Hindawi Limited 2013-01-01
Series:Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/354736
id doaj-ef8df0c6a4ba4c73afe1a661164a661d
record_format Article
spelling doaj-ef8df0c6a4ba4c73afe1a661164a661d2020-11-25T01:58:57ZengHindawi LimitedBioinorganic Chemistry and Applications1565-36331687-479X2013-01-01201310.1155/2013/354736354736Coordination Dynamics and Coordination Mechanism of a New Type of Anticoagulant Diethyl Citrate with Ca2+ IonsJin Han0Jun-Fa Xue1Meng Xu2Bao-Song Gui3Li Kuang4Jian-Ming Ouyang5Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, ChinaInstitute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, ChinaInstitute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, ChinaDepartment of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, ChinaInstitute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, ChinaInstitute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, ChinaDiethyl citrate (Et2Cit) is a new potential anticoagulant. The coordination dynamics and coordination mechanism of Et2Cit with Ca2+ ions and the effect of pH on the complex were examined. The result was compared with that for the conventional anticoagulant sodium citrate (Na3Cit). The reaction order (n) of Et2Cit and Na3Cit with Ca2+ was 2.46 and 2.44, respectively. The reaction rate constant (k) was 120 and 289 L·mol−1·s−1. The reverse reaction rate constant (kre) was 0.52 and 0.15 L·mol−1·s−1, respectively. It is indicated that the coordination ability of Et2Cit with Ca2+ was weaker than that of Na3Cit. However, the dissociation rate of the calcium complex of Et2Cit was faster than that of Na3Cit. Increased pH accelerated the dissociation rate of the complex and improved its anticoagulant effect. The Et2Cit complex with calcium was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, XRD, FT-IR, 1H NMR, and ICP. These characteristics indicated that O in –COOH and C–O–C of Et2Cit was coordinated with Ca2+ in a bidentate manner with 1 : 1 coordination proportion; that is, complex CaEt2Cit was formed. Given that CaEt2Cit released Ca2+ more easily than Na3Cit, a calcium solution was not needed in intravenous infusions using Et2Cit as anticoagulant unlike using Na3Cit. Consequently, hypocalcemia and hypercalcemia were avoided.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/354736
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Jin Han
Jun-Fa Xue
Meng Xu
Bao-Song Gui
Li Kuang
Jian-Ming Ouyang
spellingShingle Jin Han
Jun-Fa Xue
Meng Xu
Bao-Song Gui
Li Kuang
Jian-Ming Ouyang
Coordination Dynamics and Coordination Mechanism of a New Type of Anticoagulant Diethyl Citrate with Ca2+ Ions
Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications
author_facet Jin Han
Jun-Fa Xue
Meng Xu
Bao-Song Gui
Li Kuang
Jian-Ming Ouyang
author_sort Jin Han
title Coordination Dynamics and Coordination Mechanism of a New Type of Anticoagulant Diethyl Citrate with Ca2+ Ions
title_short Coordination Dynamics and Coordination Mechanism of a New Type of Anticoagulant Diethyl Citrate with Ca2+ Ions
title_full Coordination Dynamics and Coordination Mechanism of a New Type of Anticoagulant Diethyl Citrate with Ca2+ Ions
title_fullStr Coordination Dynamics and Coordination Mechanism of a New Type of Anticoagulant Diethyl Citrate with Ca2+ Ions
title_full_unstemmed Coordination Dynamics and Coordination Mechanism of a New Type of Anticoagulant Diethyl Citrate with Ca2+ Ions
title_sort coordination dynamics and coordination mechanism of a new type of anticoagulant diethyl citrate with ca2+ ions
publisher Hindawi Limited
series Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications
issn 1565-3633
1687-479X
publishDate 2013-01-01
description Diethyl citrate (Et2Cit) is a new potential anticoagulant. The coordination dynamics and coordination mechanism of Et2Cit with Ca2+ ions and the effect of pH on the complex were examined. The result was compared with that for the conventional anticoagulant sodium citrate (Na3Cit). The reaction order (n) of Et2Cit and Na3Cit with Ca2+ was 2.46 and 2.44, respectively. The reaction rate constant (k) was 120 and 289 L·mol−1·s−1. The reverse reaction rate constant (kre) was 0.52 and 0.15 L·mol−1·s−1, respectively. It is indicated that the coordination ability of Et2Cit with Ca2+ was weaker than that of Na3Cit. However, the dissociation rate of the calcium complex of Et2Cit was faster than that of Na3Cit. Increased pH accelerated the dissociation rate of the complex and improved its anticoagulant effect. The Et2Cit complex with calcium was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, XRD, FT-IR, 1H NMR, and ICP. These characteristics indicated that O in –COOH and C–O–C of Et2Cit was coordinated with Ca2+ in a bidentate manner with 1 : 1 coordination proportion; that is, complex CaEt2Cit was formed. Given that CaEt2Cit released Ca2+ more easily than Na3Cit, a calcium solution was not needed in intravenous infusions using Et2Cit as anticoagulant unlike using Na3Cit. Consequently, hypocalcemia and hypercalcemia were avoided.
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/354736
work_keys_str_mv AT jinhan coordinationdynamicsandcoordinationmechanismofanewtypeofanticoagulantdiethylcitratewithca2ions
AT junfaxue coordinationdynamicsandcoordinationmechanismofanewtypeofanticoagulantdiethylcitratewithca2ions
AT mengxu coordinationdynamicsandcoordinationmechanismofanewtypeofanticoagulantdiethylcitratewithca2ions
AT baosonggui coordinationdynamicsandcoordinationmechanismofanewtypeofanticoagulantdiethylcitratewithca2ions
AT likuang coordinationdynamicsandcoordinationmechanismofanewtypeofanticoagulantdiethylcitratewithca2ions
AT jianmingouyang coordinationdynamicsandcoordinationmechanismofanewtypeofanticoagulantdiethylcitratewithca2ions
_version_ 1724966948710645760