Holistic 1D Electro-Thermal Model Coupled to 3D Thermal Model for Hybrid Passive Cooling System Analysis in Electric Vehicles
Thermal management is the most vital element of electric vehicles (EV) to control the maximum temperature of module/pack for safety reasons. This paper presents a novel passive thermal management system (TMS) composed of a heat sink (HS) and phase change materials (PCM) for lithium-ion capacitor (Li...
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Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/18/5924 |
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doaj-ee6ce8bc020e4c4a9434dad91cc954932021-09-26T00:05:55ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732021-09-01145924592410.3390/en14185924Holistic 1D Electro-Thermal Model Coupled to 3D Thermal Model for Hybrid Passive Cooling System Analysis in Electric VehiclesDanial Karimi0Hamidreza Behi1Mohsen Akbarzadeh2Joeri Van Mierlo3Maitane Berecibar4Research Group MOBI—Mobility, Logistics, and Automotive Technology Research Centre, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, BelgiumResearch Group MOBI—Mobility, Logistics, and Automotive Technology Research Centre, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, BelgiumResearch Group MOBI—Mobility, Logistics, and Automotive Technology Research Centre, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, BelgiumResearch Group MOBI—Mobility, Logistics, and Automotive Technology Research Centre, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, BelgiumResearch Group MOBI—Mobility, Logistics, and Automotive Technology Research Centre, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, BelgiumThermal management is the most vital element of electric vehicles (EV) to control the maximum temperature of module/pack for safety reasons. This paper presents a novel passive thermal management system (TMS) composed of a heat sink (HS) and phase change materials (PCM) for lithium-ion capacitor (LiC) technology under the premise that the cell is cycled with a continuous 150 A fast charge/discharge current rate. The experiments are validated against numerical analysis through a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. For this purpose, a comprehensive electro-thermal model based on an equivalent circuit model (ECM) is designed. The designed electro-thermal model combines the ECM model with the thermal model since the performance of the LiC cell highly depends on the temperature. Then, the robustness of the model is evaluated using a precise second-order ECM. The extracted parameters of the electro-thermal model are verified by the experimental results in which the voltage and temperature errors are less than ±5% and ±4%, respectively. Finally, the thermal performance of the HS-assisted PCM TMS is studied under the fast charge/discharge current rate. The 3D CFD results exhibit that the temperature of the LiC when using the PCM-HS as the cooling system was reduced by 38.3% (34.1 °C) compared to the natural convection case study (55.3 °C).https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/18/5924electro-thermal modelthermal management systemphase change materialheat sinkelectric vehicles |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Danial Karimi Hamidreza Behi Mohsen Akbarzadeh Joeri Van Mierlo Maitane Berecibar |
spellingShingle |
Danial Karimi Hamidreza Behi Mohsen Akbarzadeh Joeri Van Mierlo Maitane Berecibar Holistic 1D Electro-Thermal Model Coupled to 3D Thermal Model for Hybrid Passive Cooling System Analysis in Electric Vehicles Energies electro-thermal model thermal management system phase change material heat sink electric vehicles |
author_facet |
Danial Karimi Hamidreza Behi Mohsen Akbarzadeh Joeri Van Mierlo Maitane Berecibar |
author_sort |
Danial Karimi |
title |
Holistic 1D Electro-Thermal Model Coupled to 3D Thermal Model for Hybrid Passive Cooling System Analysis in Electric Vehicles |
title_short |
Holistic 1D Electro-Thermal Model Coupled to 3D Thermal Model for Hybrid Passive Cooling System Analysis in Electric Vehicles |
title_full |
Holistic 1D Electro-Thermal Model Coupled to 3D Thermal Model for Hybrid Passive Cooling System Analysis in Electric Vehicles |
title_fullStr |
Holistic 1D Electro-Thermal Model Coupled to 3D Thermal Model for Hybrid Passive Cooling System Analysis in Electric Vehicles |
title_full_unstemmed |
Holistic 1D Electro-Thermal Model Coupled to 3D Thermal Model for Hybrid Passive Cooling System Analysis in Electric Vehicles |
title_sort |
holistic 1d electro-thermal model coupled to 3d thermal model for hybrid passive cooling system analysis in electric vehicles |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Energies |
issn |
1996-1073 |
publishDate |
2021-09-01 |
description |
Thermal management is the most vital element of electric vehicles (EV) to control the maximum temperature of module/pack for safety reasons. This paper presents a novel passive thermal management system (TMS) composed of a heat sink (HS) and phase change materials (PCM) for lithium-ion capacitor (LiC) technology under the premise that the cell is cycled with a continuous 150 A fast charge/discharge current rate. The experiments are validated against numerical analysis through a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. For this purpose, a comprehensive electro-thermal model based on an equivalent circuit model (ECM) is designed. The designed electro-thermal model combines the ECM model with the thermal model since the performance of the LiC cell highly depends on the temperature. Then, the robustness of the model is evaluated using a precise second-order ECM. The extracted parameters of the electro-thermal model are verified by the experimental results in which the voltage and temperature errors are less than ±5% and ±4%, respectively. Finally, the thermal performance of the HS-assisted PCM TMS is studied under the fast charge/discharge current rate. The 3D CFD results exhibit that the temperature of the LiC when using the PCM-HS as the cooling system was reduced by 38.3% (34.1 °C) compared to the natural convection case study (55.3 °C). |
topic |
electro-thermal model thermal management system phase change material heat sink electric vehicles |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/18/5924 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT danialkarimi holistic1delectrothermalmodelcoupledto3dthermalmodelforhybridpassivecoolingsystemanalysisinelectricvehicles AT hamidrezabehi holistic1delectrothermalmodelcoupledto3dthermalmodelforhybridpassivecoolingsystemanalysisinelectricvehicles AT mohsenakbarzadeh holistic1delectrothermalmodelcoupledto3dthermalmodelforhybridpassivecoolingsystemanalysisinelectricvehicles AT joerivanmierlo holistic1delectrothermalmodelcoupledto3dthermalmodelforhybridpassivecoolingsystemanalysisinelectricvehicles AT maitaneberecibar holistic1delectrothermalmodelcoupledto3dthermalmodelforhybridpassivecoolingsystemanalysisinelectricvehicles |
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1717367077106352128 |