Faktor-faktor yang Memengaruhi Perilaku Penggunaan Internet Masyarakat Desa

• Main Author: Anton Susanto
• Format: Article
• Language: Indonesian
• Published: R&D Center for Post and Informatics 2016-03-01
• Series: Jurnal Penelitian Pos dan Informatika
• Subjects: Niat Menggunakan; UTAUT; CFA; SEM-PLS
• Online Access: https://jurnal-ppi.kominfo.go.id/index.php/jppi/article/view/4

Abstrak Penyediaan akses dan sarana TIK (internet) bagi masyarakat desa bertujuan tidak hanya mengurangi kesenjangan digital tetapi juga untuk dapat mendorong aktivitas dan produktivitas masyarakat (pemberdayaan). Kehadiran internet di masyarakat desa belum tentu menjadi sebuah kebutuhan, baik karena rendahnya kesadaran akan manfaatnya ataupun tidak terhubungnya internet dengan sistem nafkah yang ada di masyarakat pedesaan. Upaya mendekatkan ketersediaan internet dengan kebutuhan riil masyarakat dapat dilakukan dengan pendekatan psychological empowerment, yaitu TIK harus dikaitkan dengan faktor intrapersonal, interaksional dan faktor perilaku masyarakat. Perilaku penggunaan internet dianalisis secara kuantitatif dengan menggunakan variabel Niat Menggunakan (behavioral intention) sebagai penentu langsung dari tindakan atau perilaku seseorang. Konstruk-konstruk dalam model the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT): performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influences dan facilitating condition digunakan sebagai faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi Niat Menggunakan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Pasar VI Kualanamu, desa yang telah mendapatkan fasilitas dan sarana TIK melalui Desa Informasi. Analisis dilakukan secara deskriptif dan Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) serta analisis model struktural Structural Equation Model - Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). Hasil pengujian SEM-PLS menunjukkan nilai R-Square 0,752. Kemudian dengan menggunakan metode boot-strapping dalam smartPLS, didapatkan bahwa faktor effort expectancy dan social influences berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap Niat Menggunakan internet.     Abstract Provision of access of ICT (internet) for rural communities aimed not only for reducing the digital divide but also to encourage the meaningful activity and productivity. The internet may be not needed by the rural community, due to low awareness of the benefits and also there is not interrelated with living systems of rural communities. Attempts to bring the internet become the real needs of rural/village, the approach of psychological empowerment is needed.  ICT must be attributed to factors intrapersonal, interactional and behavioral factors of society. Internet usage behaviors were analyzed quantitatively by using variable behavioral intention as a direct determinant of a person's actions or behavior. The constructs in the model of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) such as performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influences and facilitating condition were analyzed as factors that can affect intention to use the internet. The study was conducted at the Desa Pasar VI Kualanamu, as a village that have received ICT facilities and infrastructure through Desa Informasi. This research uses Descriptive Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and also the structural model SEM-PLS. SEM-PLS test results from the value of R-Square 0. 752. And then by using the boot-strapping method in smartPLS, it was found that factor of effort expectancy and social influences have significantly affected the Intention to Use the Internet.