Latest Approved Therapies for Metastatic Melanoma: What Comes Next?

Nowadays, oncogene-directed therapy and immunotherapy represent the two most promising avenues for patients with metastatic melanoma. The recent oncogene-directed therapeutic, vemurafenib, usually produces high level of tumor shrinkage and survival benefits in many patients with B-RA mutant melanoma...

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Main Author: Farid Menaa
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Hindawi Limited 2013-01-01
Series:Journal of Skin Cancer
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/735282
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spelling doaj-ee41b24ab60e4236806eb7c23f7d1e6b2020-11-25T01:49:46ZengHindawi LimitedJournal of Skin Cancer2090-29052090-29132013-01-01201310.1155/2013/735282735282Latest Approved Therapies for Metastatic Melanoma: What Comes Next?Farid Menaa0Department of Oncology, Stem Cells and Nanomedicine, Fluorotronics, Inc., 2453 Cades Way, Building C, San Diego, CA 92081, USANowadays, oncogene-directed therapy and immunotherapy represent the two most promising avenues for patients with metastatic melanoma. The recent oncogene-directed therapeutic, vemurafenib, usually produces high level of tumor shrinkage and survival benefits in many patients with B-RA mutant melanomas, although the fast and high degrees of responses are likely short-lived. Conversely, the newly-approved immunotherapeutic, ipilimumab, produces durable responses in patients presenting CTLA-4 T-cell surface protein. Nevertheless, the possible synergy in combining these two therapeutic strategies primarily rely on the rational design of medical protocols (e.g., sequence and timing of agent administration; drug selectivity; compatibility of combined therapies i.e., adoptive T cell or agents, i.e., MEK inhibitor trametinib, PD-1 and PDL-1 blockers). Improved therapeutic protocols shall overcome therapeutic limitations such as the (i) tolerability and safety (i.e., minimal toxic side-effects); (ii) progression free survival (e.g., reduced relapse disease frequency); (iii) duration response (i.e., decreased drug resistance). Eventually, multidisciplinary approaches are still requested (e.g., genomics for personalized medicine, nanomedicine to overcome low free-drug bioavailability and targeting, systematic search of “melanoma stem cells” to enhance the prognosis and develop more valuable theranostics). In this paper, I will mainly present and discuss the latest and promising treatments for advanced cutaneous melanomas.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/735282
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Farid Menaa
spellingShingle Farid Menaa
Latest Approved Therapies for Metastatic Melanoma: What Comes Next?
Journal of Skin Cancer
author_facet Farid Menaa
author_sort Farid Menaa
title Latest Approved Therapies for Metastatic Melanoma: What Comes Next?
title_short Latest Approved Therapies for Metastatic Melanoma: What Comes Next?
title_full Latest Approved Therapies for Metastatic Melanoma: What Comes Next?
title_fullStr Latest Approved Therapies for Metastatic Melanoma: What Comes Next?
title_full_unstemmed Latest Approved Therapies for Metastatic Melanoma: What Comes Next?
title_sort latest approved therapies for metastatic melanoma: what comes next?
publisher Hindawi Limited
series Journal of Skin Cancer
issn 2090-2905
2090-2913
publishDate 2013-01-01
description Nowadays, oncogene-directed therapy and immunotherapy represent the two most promising avenues for patients with metastatic melanoma. The recent oncogene-directed therapeutic, vemurafenib, usually produces high level of tumor shrinkage and survival benefits in many patients with B-RA mutant melanomas, although the fast and high degrees of responses are likely short-lived. Conversely, the newly-approved immunotherapeutic, ipilimumab, produces durable responses in patients presenting CTLA-4 T-cell surface protein. Nevertheless, the possible synergy in combining these two therapeutic strategies primarily rely on the rational design of medical protocols (e.g., sequence and timing of agent administration; drug selectivity; compatibility of combined therapies i.e., adoptive T cell or agents, i.e., MEK inhibitor trametinib, PD-1 and PDL-1 blockers). Improved therapeutic protocols shall overcome therapeutic limitations such as the (i) tolerability and safety (i.e., minimal toxic side-effects); (ii) progression free survival (e.g., reduced relapse disease frequency); (iii) duration response (i.e., decreased drug resistance). Eventually, multidisciplinary approaches are still requested (e.g., genomics for personalized medicine, nanomedicine to overcome low free-drug bioavailability and targeting, systematic search of “melanoma stem cells” to enhance the prognosis and develop more valuable theranostics). In this paper, I will mainly present and discuss the latest and promising treatments for advanced cutaneous melanomas.
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/735282
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