The Role of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Post-Translational Modifications in Regulating Its Localisation, Stability, and Activity

The Role of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Post-Translational Modifications in Regulating Its Localisation, Stability, and Activity

The hypoxia signalling pathway enables adaptation of cells to decreased oxygen availability. When oxygen becomes limiting, the central transcription factors of the pathway, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), are stabilised and activated to induce the expression of hypoxia-regulated genes, thereby mai...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Adam Albanese, Leonard A. Daly, Daniela Mennerich, Thomas Kietzmann, Violaine Sée
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-12-01
Series:International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Subjects:
hypoxia
HIF-1α
HIF-2α
posttranslational modifications
phosphorylation
cysteine phosphorylation
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/1/268
Description
Summary:The hypoxia signalling pathway enables adaptation of cells to decreased oxygen availability. When oxygen becomes limiting, the central transcription factors of the pathway, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), are stabilised and activated to induce the expression of hypoxia-regulated genes, thereby maintaining cellular homeostasis. Whilst hydroxylation has been thoroughly described as the major and canonical modification of the HIF-α subunits, regulating both HIF stability and activity, a range of other post-translational modifications decorating the entire protein play also a crucial role in altering HIF localisation, stability, and activity. These modifications, their conservation throughout evolution, and their effects on HIF-dependent signalling are discussed in this review.
ISSN:1661-6596
1422-0067

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